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Tag: variants
March 25, 2021
Emergence of the E484K Mutation in SARS-CoV-2 Lineage B.1.1.220 in Upstate New York
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A novel SARS-CoV-2 variant (assigned name B.1.1.220) was detected by ongoing surveillance in samples collected in early February in four patients in upstate New York. B.1.1.220 was characterized with the E484K substitution in the spike protein, also present in the B.1.351 variant that was first described in South Africa and the P.1…
March 17, 2021
Increased Mortality in Community-Tested Cases of SARS-CoV-2 Lineage B.1.1.7
The risk of death associated with the presence of the B.1.1.7 variant was 55% higher than previous strains, according to an analysis from the UK. The authors used S gene target failure (SGTF) to define B.1.1.7 and performed analysis of SARS-CoV-2 community tests (n=2,245,263 positive results) and COVID-19 deaths (n=17,452) in England from September 1,…
Spread of a Variant SARS-CoV-2 in Long-Term Care Facilities in England
The proportion of SARS-CoV-2-positive samples that had an S gene target failure (suggestive of the B.1.1.7 strain) rose dramatically in late 2020 in the UK. The number and proportion of samples with S gene target failure increased from 12% to 60% between November 16 and December 13. By December 7, in South East England 57%…
March 16, 2021
Antibody Evasion by the Brazilian P.1 Strain of SARS-CoV-2
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] The SARS-CoV-2 P.1 variant, which has caused large outbreaks in Brazil, is less resistant to neutralization from both convalescent serum and vaccine-induced serum than the B.1.351 variant originally identified in South Africa, despite containing similar receptor binding domain (RBD) mutations (E484K, K417N/T and N501Y). Similar to the B.1.351 variant, mutations associated with…
March 12, 2021
ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) protects against SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 and B.1.1.7
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] An investigation of the Oxford-AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1 nCoV-1; AZD1222) vaccine efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 in Syrian hamsters showed a 9.5-fold reduction of virus neutralizing antibody titer in vaccinated hamster sera against B.1.351 compared to B.1.1.7. Vaccinated hamsters challenged with B.1.1.7 or B.1.351 did not lose weight compared to…
March 11, 2021
Risk of Mortality in Patients Infected with SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern 202012/1: Matched Cohort Study
The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 variant was associated with an overall 1.6-fold increase in risk of death compared to previously circulated variants, according to a matched cohort study (n=54,906) of patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the UK between October 2020 to January 2021. Risk of death was not significantly increased within 14 days of follow-up after…
March 10, 2021
Spike Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 Variants Confer Resistance to Antibody Neutralization
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A panel of 28 SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses bearing single or combined spike protein mutations found in the 501Y.V1, 501Y.V2, and 501Y.V3 variants tested against a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and convalescent patient plasma collected early in the pandemic showed that the 501Y.V2 variant was the most resistant against mAbs and convalescent plasma,…
Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection Increases B.1.1.7 Cross-Neutralization by Vaccinated Individuals
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Sera from individuals who had been previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 and received the vaccine showed equivalent neutralizing responses against the B.1.1.7 variant and original virus strain, while sera from vaccinated individuals with no prior infection showed reduced neutralization against B.1.1.7. Neutralizing activity was assessed against pseudoviruses bearing the spike protein from the…
SARS-CoV-2 501Y.V2 (B.1.351) Elicits Cross-Reactive Neutralizing Antibodies
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Antibody responses to the 501Y.V2 SARS-CoV-2 variant in a cohort of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in South Africa (n = 89) were found to be robust and showed high levels of cross-reactivity against the virus strain from the first wave. Furthermore, sera from patients infected with 501Y.V2 also neutralized the 501Y.V3 (P.1)…
The Plasmablast Response to SARS-CoV-2 MRNA Vaccination Is Dominated by Non-Neutralizing Antibodies That Target Both the NTD and the RBD
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A study of vaccine-induced polyclonal antibodies and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from subjects who received SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines found that polyclonal antibody responses were robust and comparable to or exceeded those observed after natural infection. However, most vaccine-induced mAbs did not demonstrate neutralizing activity. Neutralizing activity of N-terminal domain (NTD) mAbs, but not…
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