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Topic: Clinical Characteristics and Health Care Setting
August 12, 2020
Strategic Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Serology Testing in a Low Prevalence Pandemic The COVID-19 Contact (CoCo) Study in Health Care Professionals
[pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A longitudinal cohort study of frontline healthcare professionals in a large German university hospital (n=217 participants, corresponding to 1,080 weekly measurements over 6 weeks) found a cumulative incidence of 1.8% for seroconversion to anti-SARS CoV-2 seropositivity by ELISA. Confirmatory testing indicated that only 1 of the 8 initial positive results were true positives, resulting in a true cumulative incidence…
Filtration Efficiency of Hospital Face Mask Alternatives Available for Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Sickbert-Bennett et al. assessed the fitted filtration efficiencies (FFEs) for face mask alternatives used by clinicians interacting with patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. They found that expired N95 respirators with intact elastic straps and respirators subject to sterilization had no decrease in FFE compared with new N95s. Incorrectly sized N95 respirators had slightly decreased performance (90-95%). Among…
August 10, 2020
Genetic Variability in the Expression of the SARS-CoV-2 Host Cell Entry Factors across Populations
Ortiz-Fernández and Sawalha report significant variability in genetic determinants of the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2, two enzymes that might regulate the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to infiltrate host cells, among individuals and between populations. African populations showed a genetic predisposition for lower expression of both ACE2 and TMPRSS2 compared to South or East Asians, Europeans, and an…
COVID-19–Associated Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children — United States, March–July 2020
Godfred-Cato et al. describe symptoms, treatment, and outcomes for a cohort of 570 pediatric patients with COVID-19-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIC-S). The median patient age was 8 years; 55% were male, 41% were Hispanic or Latino, 33% were non-Hispanic black, and 13% non-Hispanic white. Although about 2/3 of patients did not report any…
Hospitalization Rates and Characteristics of Children Aged <18 Years Hospitalized with Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 — COVID-NET, 14 States, March 1–July 25, 2020
An analysis of pediatric hospitalization data from 14 states found that although the cumulative rate of COVID-19-associated hospitalization among children (8 per 100,000 population) is low compared to adults (165 per 100,000), one in three hospitalized children was admitted to an intensive care unit, which is similar to the proportion among hospitalized adults. Infants less than three months accounted for…
August 6, 2020
Racial/Ethnic and Socioeconomic Disparities of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Children
Goyal et al. performed a cross-sectional study of 1,000 children attending a community-based SARS-CoV-2 testing site from March 21-April 28, 2020 in Washington, DC and determined infection rates by race/ethnicity and estimated median family income (MFI). They found that the infection rates were significantly higher among racial and ethnic minority children (30% among non-Hispanic Black children, 46% among Hispanic children, 7% among non-Hispanic-white children) and among children in less socioeconomically advantaged households (9% in 4th MFI quartile, 24%…
An Increasing Public Health Burden Arising from Children Infected with SARS-CoV2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Zheng et al. conducted a meta-analysis of 14 eligible studies (n=410 patients) to estimate the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among children. The pooled proportion of asymptomatic infection was 41% (95%CI 24-57%), and the pooled proportion of infections associated with family or household infections was 84% (95% CI 76-90%). No differences by gender were observed. Zheng et al. (Aug 5, 2020). An Increasing Public Health Burden Arising from Children Infected with SARS-CoV2: A Systematic Review…
Excess Mortality from COVID-19 in an English Sentinel Network Population
Joy et al. used data from a large cohort study in the UK to calculate the excess mortality from COVID-19. They estimated that the mortality risk between early January and mid-May 2020 was 1,089 per 100,000 person-years. The excess mortality rose steadily from late March to a peak in mid-April, after which it declined. Joy et al. (Aug 4, 2020). Excess Mortality from COVID-19 in an English Sentinel Network Population. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30632-0
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Health Care Personnel in the New York City Area
Among 46,117 healthcare workers at a large New York State health system who underwent SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing, 13.7% were seropositive. In a multivariate analysis, high self-reported suspicion of virus exposure was associated with seropositivity (RR=1.2, 95%CI 1.2-1.3). Seropositivity was significantly lower among healthcare workers with no previous RT-PCR test result (9%, 3077/34251), compared to those with a prior RT-PCR test (34%, 2186/6078). Among individuals with a prior positive RT-PCR test…
August 5, 2020
Outcomes and Implications of Diarrhea in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Shang et al. investigated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 and diarrhea (157/576 consecutive patients presenting to a hospital) and the correlation between diarrhea and fecal presence of coronavirus. Patients with diarrhea and respiratory symptoms (n=119) had higher levels of the inflammatory markers procalcitonin and ferritin, longer hospital stays, and higher odds of mortality than those with diarrhea alone….
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