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Topic: Clinical Characteristics and Health Care Setting
July 30, 2020
Outcomes of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients Recently Recovered From Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
In a cohort study of German patients recently recovered from COVID-19 infection (n=100), cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging revealed cardiac involvement in 78 patients and ongoing myocardial inflammation in 60 patients, independent of preexisting conditions, severity and overall course of the acute illness, and time from the original diagnosis. Compared with healthy controls and risk factor-matched controls, patients recently recovered from COVID-19…
Aerosol and Surface Contamination of SARS-CoV-2 Observed in Quarantine and Isolation Care
During the initial isolation of 13 individuals with COVID-19 at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Santarpia et al. detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA by RT-PCR in 121/163 (72%) air and surface samples collected. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in all types of samples: high and low-volume air samples, as well as surface samples including personal items, room surfaces, and toilets. Santarpia et al….
July 29, 2020
Relationship Between Serum SARS-CoV-2 Nucleic Acid (RNAemia) and Organ Damage in COVID-19 Patients: A Cohort Study
Among a cohort of 85 COVID-19 patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, 32 had SARS-CoV-2 RNA detected in serum (RNAemia). Compared to patients without RNAemia, patients with RNAemia had a higher rate of organ damage (18/32 [56%] vs. 5/53 [9%], p<0.001), higher mortality (10/32 [31%] vs. 3/53 [6%], p=0.004), , and a variety of abnormal CT and laboratory biomarkers. Xu et al….
ACE2 Expression Is Elevated in Airway Epithelial Cells from Aged and Male Donors but Reduced in Asthma
[pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Wark et al. examined risk factors associated with ACE2 expression in 145 patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Australia. They found that older age and male sex were associated with increased ACE2 expression, and asthma was associated with reduced expression. The authors concluded that altered ACE2 expression in the lower airway may be an important factor in SARS-CoV-2 virus…
Baseline Cardiometabolic Profiles and SARS-CoV-2 Risk in the UK Biobank
[pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Scalsky et al. examined the effect of cardiometabolic profiles on the risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 among 9,005 UK Biobank participants. They found that elevated high density lipoprotein (HDL) was associated with reduced risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 (aOR=0.85). Type II diabetes and HbA1c were associated with increased risk (OR=1.21 and 1.06), but the effects disappeared after controlling for HDL. Scalsky et al….
30-Day Mortality and Morbidity in COVID-19 versus Influenza A Population-based Study
[pre-print, not peer-reviewed] In an analysis using population-based data from Denmark (November 1, 2017 to June 30, 2020), among inpatients, those who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (n=1,657) had a 30-day mortality of 21% compared to 7% among those who tested positive for influenza (n=7,200). Among outpatients, the 30-day mortality was 2% among those positive for SARS-CoV-2 (n=6,263) and 0.4% among those positive for influenza (n=7,204). Nersesjan et…
High Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A Virus (H1N1) Co-Infection in Dead Patients in Northeastern Iran
Co-infection with influenza A virus was found in 22% of a sample of patients in Iran who died and had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by RT-PCR (n=1,444). The contribution of these co-infections to disease pathology is unclear from these results, but the authors note that such high rates of co-infection could make diagnostics more complicated. Hashemi et…
July 28, 2020
Evolution of Viral Quasispecies during SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Jary et al report on the genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 in longitudinal samples (n=7) collected from a single patient in Paris with mild symptoms early in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. Majority consensus sequences were identical in five out of seven samples, differing from the Wuhan reference sequence by one synonymous mutation. Over two hundred minority variants were detected (median of 38 per sample), with four variants shared by…
Smell Loss Is a Prognostic Factor for Lower Severity of COVID-19
A study of 949 adult patients testing positive for COVID-19 at a university medical center (February 1 to April 3) found that 21% reported loss of smell during their initial evaluation. Loss of smell was associated with younger age (mean age 46 with smell loss vs 49 without), female gender (65% vs 53%), and higher BMI (mean 33.6 vs 31.5)….
Clinical Characteristics of Children With COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis
A meta-analysis (14 studies and 371 patients) of COVID-19 in children found that 17% (95% CI 9-27) are asymptomatic (fever is the most common symptom), 67% (95%CI 51-81) were diagnosed with pneumonia, and incidence of severe or critical illness is close to 0% (95% CI 0-1). Of those diagnosed with pneumonia, 54% (95%CI 38-69) had ground-glass opacities detected on CT scan. An additional 19% were…
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