Result for
Topic: Clinical Characteristics and Health Care Setting
June 19, 2020
The Cardiac Toxicity of Chloroquine or Hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis
[pre-print, not peer reviewed] A systematic review and meta-analysis (n=19 studies; 5,652 patients) studied the incidence of cardiac endpoints among COVID-19 patients treated with chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, including QT prolongation—a potential precursor to the arrhythmias torsades de pointes (TdP) or ventricular tachycardia (VT) or cardiac arrest—as well as TdP/VT or cardiac arrest. The pooled incidence was 90 per 1,000…
June 18, 2020
Prevalence of COVID-19 Infection and Outcomes Among Symptomatic Healthcare Workers in Seattle, Washington
Mani et al. tested 3,477 symptomatic University of Washington Medicine employees between March 12 and April 23 at two high-throughput employee testing centers in Seattle, WA and found a prevalence of 5.3% for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Infection prevalence was similar between frontline healthcare workers (5.2%) and non-frontline staff (5.5%). Six employees reported COVID-19 related hospitalization, and all recovered. Mani et al. (June 16, 2020). Prevalence of COVID-19 Infection…
COVID-19 Outcomes Risk Factors and Associations by Race a Comprehensive Analysis Using Electronic Health Records Data in Michigan Medicine
[pre-print, not peer reviewed] Analyses of a non-random sample of 5,698 patients tested for COVID-19 in a Michigan health facility reveal that, adjusted for age, sex, and socioeconomic status, non-Hispanic African Americans were 1.7 times more likely to be hospitalized and 1.5 times more likely to enter the ICU. Stratifying by race, analyses found older age, male sex, obesity, and neighborhood density were…
Genomewide Association Study of Severe Covid-19 with Respiratory Failure
A genome–wide association study involving COVID-19 patients (n=1,980) at 7 hospitals in Europe identified two separate loci associated with genetic susceptibility to severe COVID-19 disease. One locus on chromosome 3 spans genes 6 genes (SLC6A20, LZTFL1, CCR9, FYCO1, CXCR6 and XCR1), several of which have functions that are potentially relevant to Covid-19. A second locus on chromosome 9 coincides with the ABO blood group locus. These…
June 17, 2020
Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction as an Early Identifier of COVID-19 in Adults and Children: An International Multicenter Study
Among 394 patients positive for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR in five tertiary care hospitals in Europe and China, 41% reported disorders of taste or smell, with higher prevalence in the European cohorts than the Chinese cohort. Additionally, 10% reported disorders of taste or small as their only COVID-19 symptoms, and 19% reported these symptoms preceded their other symptoms. Qiu et al. (June 2020). Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction as…
Clinical Immunological and Virological Characterization of COVID-19 Patients That Test Re-Positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR
[pre-print, not peer reviewed] Among 619 discharged COVID-19 cases in Guandong, China, where two consecutive negative tests are required before discharge and all discharged cases are isolated in designated hotels and sampled at a minimum of 7 and 14 days after discharge, 87 tested positive by RT-PCR during isolation. These individuals had robust antibody response and were negative on viral culture and evidence of degradation of the virus genome was…
Characteristics Associated with Hospitalization Among Patients with COVID-19 — Metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, March–April 2020
An analysis of 220 hospitalized and 311 non–hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Atlanta found older age, black race, diabetes, lack of insurance, male sex, smoking, and obesity were independently associated with hospitalization. Killerby et al. (June 17, 2020). Characteristics Associated with Hospitalization Among Patients with COVID-19 — Metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, March–April 2020. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6925e1
A Predictive Tool for Identification of SARS-CoV-2 PCR-Negative Emergency Department Patients Using Routine Test Results
Joshi et al. built a predictive tool for identifying SARS-CoV-2 PCR-negative emergency department patients based on sex and components of a complete blood count (a routinely-conducted test). Across a range of specificities, they found the average negative predictive value (NPV) to be 98% when validated on a northern California sample (41 positive, 495 negative). Applying the Northern California-defined threshold to…
Diagnosing COVID-19 in the Emergency Department: A Scoping Review of Clinical Exam, Labs, Imaging Accuracy and Biases
A scoping review of the accuracy of diagnostic approaches for COVID-19 in emergency department settings included 87 studies through May 5, 2020. The review concluded that report of fever and loss of smell and taste were the most helpful features to distinguish COVID-19 patients from those with similar illnesses and that a low white blood cell count is the most common lab abnormality. Sensitivity of testing by rRT-PCR in the emergency department was 60%-78%. CT scanning…
June 16, 2020
Potential Novel Role of COVID-19 in Alzheimer’s Disease and Preventative Mitigation Strategies
Increased susceptibility of elderly individuals and excessive inflammation associated with COVID-19 disease may accelerate the progression of brain inflammatory neurodegeneration, which plays a central role in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis. Naughton et al. discuss the potential interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and Alzheimer’s disease. Naughton et al. (June 12, 2020). Potential Novel Role of COVID-19 in Alzheimer’s Disease…
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