Result for
Topic: Clinical Characteristics and Health Care Setting
June 16, 2020
Age Related Morbidity and Mortality among Patients with COVID-19
Kang and Jung provide a narrative review of global epidemiological data on age-associated SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity, morbidity, and mortality, with a focus on SARS-CoV-2 in children and the elderly. They review theories for the higher mortality observed in elderly people with COVID-19 related to immune function and prevalence of comorbidities. Kang and Jung. (June 12, 2020). Age Related Morbidity and Mortality among Patients…
Airways Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Receptor, ACE2, and TMPRSS2 Is Lower in Children Than Adults and Increases with Smoking and COPD
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) are the two main cell entry proteins for SARS-CoV-2. Saheb Sharif-Askari et al. found that children have lower expression of the ACE2 and TMPRSS2 receptors in the lung airway. They also found that lung airway expression of both ACE2 and TMPRSS2 was higher in smokers…
Guillain Barre Syndrome in COVID-19: A Scoping Review
[pre-print, not peer reviewed] Ahmad et al. identified 24 published cases of COVID-19 associated Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS), a post-infectious neurological syndrome. The majority of cases were male (18/24) and patients ranged in age from 23-84 years. Prognosis for COVID-19 associated GBS was generally good, with only one documented death. Ahmad and Rathore. (June 16, 2020). Guillain Barre Syndrome in COVID-19: A Scoping Review….
June 15, 2020
Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 in 104 People with SARS-CoV-2 Infection on the Diamond Princess Cruise Ship: A Retrospective Analysis
Tabata et al. described the clinical features of 104 people with SARS-CoV-2 infection on board the Diamond Princess cruise ship in Tokyo, Japan. On admission to hospital, 43 (41%) were asymptomatic, 41 (39%) had mild COVID-19, and 20 (19%) had severe disease. Patients who progressed to sever disease were older age (median age 73 years vs. 60; p=0.028), were more likely to have consolidation on chest CT images (46% vs. 21%; p=0.035), and were more…
Clinical Manifestations and Evidence of Neurological Involvement in 2019 Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
A meta-analysis of 41 articles reported a wide spectrum of neurological involvement in COVID-19.The most common neurological symptoms included olfactory (smell) and gustatory (taste) disorders. Guillain-Barre syndrome and inflammation of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges were reported in multiple case series. Wang et al. (June 4, 2020). Clinical Manifestations and Evidence of Neurological Involvement in 2019 Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic…
SARS-CoV-2 Shedding and Seroconversion among Passengers Quarantined after Disembarking a Cruise Ship: A Case Series
Hung et al. reported a case series of 9 adult passengers with COVID-19 who had been on board the Diamond Princess cruise ship in Japan. By day 8 of the 14-day quarantine period, eight (89%) were simultaneously positive for nasopharyngeal swab RT-PCR and anti-RBD IgG. Six (67%) remained asymptomatic throughout the quarantine period. A combination of…
Presenting Symptoms of COVID-19 in Children: A Meta-Analysis of Published Studies
Assaker et al. performed a meta-analysis of 28 articles including 1,614 individuals to describe COVID-19 symptoms in children. Of 23 studies (n=1,543 patients) describing the distribution of COVID-19 severity, they found that children typically presented with mild (37%) or moderate (45%) upper respiratory tract infection, and cases were rarely severe (3%) or critical (0.6%). Fever (48% prevalence) and cough (40% prevalence) were the most common symptoms. Assaker et al. (May 31, 2020). Presenting…
June 12, 2020
Association of Asthma and Its Genetic Predisposition with the Risk of Severe COVID-19
Individuals with asthma (n=65,677) in the UK Biobank had a significantly higher risk of severe COVID-19 (aOR=1.39; 95%CI 1.13-1.71), compared to those without asthma or COPD (n=427,091), after adjusting for confounders. The risk was even greater in those who also had COPD (aOR=1.82; 95%CI 1.16-2.86). On subgroup analysis, this effect was only seen in those with non-allergic asthma. Zhu et al. (June 6, 2020). Association of Asthma…
Risk Factors for Disease Progression in Mild to Moderate COVID-19 Patients- a Multi-Center Observational Study
Cen et al. reported clinical outcomes and risk factors from 1,007 patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 in 3 hospitals in Wuhan, China. Over 4 weeks of follow-up, 22% progressed to severe disease, 2% progressed to critical disease, and 4% died. Increasing age, male sex, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and coronary artery disease were all associated with higher likelihood of progression, while history of smoking was associated with…
June 11, 2020
What We Know so Far about Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children: A Meta-Analysis of 551 Laboratory-Confirmed Cases
Zhang et al. conducted meta-analyses of 46 articles reporting 551 cases of COVID-19 in children. Results showed 18% of cases were asymptomatic. The most common radiographic and computed tomography (CT) findings were patchy consolidations (33%, 95%CI 23%-43%) and ground glass opacities (28%, 95%CI 18%-39%). Six patients, all with major underlying medical conditions, needed invasive mechanical ventilation, including one who died. Zhang et al. (June 10,…
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