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Topic: Clinical Characteristics and Health Care Setting
April 14, 2021
Post-Acute COVID-19 Sequelae in Cases Managed in the Community or Hospital in the UK a Population Based Study
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A population-based study of post-COVID-19 sequelae in England found that hospitalized patients had higher rates of 13 of 26 symptoms assessed and 11 of 19 diseases, and had higher healthcare utilization, than those who had not been hospitalized. Comparing symptom rates (per 100,000 person-weeks), hospitalized patients experienced more breathlessness (536 vs. 87),…
April 13, 2021
Hospital-Acquired Infections among Adult Patients Admitted for COVID-19
26% of patients admitted for COVID-19 (n=963) to the Johns Hopkins Health System between March and May of 2020 had either a possible, probable, or confirmed hospital acquired infection (HAI). Independent risk factors for development of probable/confirmed HAI included history of congestive heart failure, dexamethasone during hospitalization, ICU admission prior to HAI, and receipt of…
April 12, 2021
Prevalence and Persistent Shedding of Fecal SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Patients With COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
A systematic review and meta-analysis (n = 35 studies) found that the pooled prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in fecal samples from COVID-19 patients was 43%, and that a higher proportion of patients with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms (OR = 2.4) compared with no GI symptoms, specifically diarrhea (OR = 3.0), had detectable fecal RNA. SARS-CoV-2 RNA…
April 9, 2021
Neonatal Outcomes during the COVID-19 Pandemic in New York City
A single-center study of singleton births to mothers without SARS-CoV-2 infection who were residents of New York City (N=43,963) found that changes in the rate of preterm births and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions in the 3 months before and after the stay-at-home orders in response to the COVID-19 pandemic were issued were not…
The Incubation Period during the Pandemic of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
A systematic review (42 studies) and meta-analysis (11 studies) estimated a pooled mean incubation period for COVID-19 of 6.2 days. The authors note that many studies estimated a 95th percentile for incubation periods of up to 16 days, which they suggest may indicate that longer incubation periods should be considered when recommending quarantine and isolation…
April 8, 2021
Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Receiving Renin Angiotensin System Blockers and Calcium Channel Blockers
Anti-hypertensive medications, including angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), and calcium channel blockers (CCB), were not associated with mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in a retrospective cohort study (n=841). However, use of ACEI/ARB and ACEI/ARB combined with CCB were associated with a 42% and 45% lower risk of ICU admission, respectively. Among…
April 7, 2021
Racial and Ethnic Differences and Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department
A cohort study of 87 US health systems from December 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020 found that nearly half (41%) of patients presenting to the ED with COVID-19 were hospitalized. The study found that the risk of in-hospital mortality was higher in Black (RR=1.18) and Hispanic patients (RR=1.28) compared to white patients, while the…
Association of HIV with COVID-19 Outcomes Among Hospitalized Adults
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Among adults hospitalized with COVID-19 (n = 21,528), after adjusting for age, sex, race, and insurance, HIV was not associated with in-hospital mortality (aOR = 1.13). HIV was also not associated with major adverse cardiac events (aOR = 0.99), severity of illness (aOR = 0.96), or length of stay (aOR = 1.03)….
April 6, 2021
Incidence of 30-Day Venous Thromboembolism in Adults Tested for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in an Integrated Health Care System in Northern California
The 30-day incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals was not significantly increased compared to negative individuals in an outpatient setting (1.8 vs 2.2 cases per 1000) and in a post-hospitalization setting (1.0 vs 1.1 case per 1000) in a retrospective cohort study in Northern California (n=220,588) from February to August 2020. A significant…
The Contrasting Role of Nasopharyngeal Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) Transcription in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study of People Tested for COVID-19 in British Columbia, Canada
In a cross-sectional study (n=424) of age and sex-matched SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative participants, mean relative expression of both the transmembrane and soluble isoforms of ACE2 was higher in negative participants despite ACE2 serving as the host receptor for SARS-CoV-2 cell entry. When analyzed together and adjusting for other factors, expression of transmembrane ACE2 was…
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