Result for
Topic: Testing and Treatment
August 21, 2020
Effect of Remdesivir vs Standard Care on Clinical Status at 11 Days in Patients With Moderate COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial
• An open-label randomized trial of 5- or 10-days of remdesivir treatment compared to standard care found that 5-day remdesivir treatment had a statistically significant improvement in clinical status on day 11 after initiation of treatment, although the clinical importance of the effect was uncertain. The difference in clinical status on day 11 between the…
Low-Cost Polyester-Tipped 3-Dimensionally-Printed Nasopharyngeal Swab for the Diagnosis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus 2
• 3D-printed polyester-tipped swabs were shown to be effective for use in nasopharyngeal sample collection and diagnosis of COVID-19. Overall concordance between the prototype and control swabs was 81%, with most discordant results resulting from prototype-positive, control-negative results. The prototype had higher sensitivity than the control swabs (91% vs. 81%). • The authors suggest that…
August 20, 2020
Effectiveness of Remdesivir for the Treatment of Hospitalized Covid-19 Persons
Jiang et al. synthesized results from 4 randomized trials including 2,049 individuals hospitalized with COVID-19 and reported that patients receiving 5-day or 10-day treatment courses with remdesivir had significantly better clinical improvement (OR=1.8 and 1.4, respectively) and higher probabilities of clinical recovery (RR=1.5 and 1.2, respectively) compared to patients receiving placebo. Jiang et al. (Aug…
Information given by Websites Selling Home Self-Sampling COVID-19 Tests An Analysis of Accuracy and Completeness
• [Preprint, not peer-reviewed] Taylor-Phillips et al. reviewed 27 websites selling home self-sampling and testing kits for COVID-19 (39 tests in UK and 2 tests in US), of which 23 offered molecular virus testing services and 18 offered antibody testing services. They report that 22% tests were provided with the name or manufacturer, 76% included…
Mass Testing for SARS-CoV-2 in 16 Prisons and Jails — Six Jurisdictions, United States
The mass testing conducted among incarcerated or detained persons across 16 prisons and jails from 6 US jurisdictions (April 11-May 20, 2020) identified a total of 8,239 persons with SARS-CoV-2 among 16,392 individuals tested, representing a median 12-fold increase over the number of cases in each facility by earlier symptom-based testing. Prevalence in jails and…
August 19, 2020
Sofosbuvir and Daclatasvir Compared with Standard of Care in the Treatment of Patients Admitted to Hospital with Moderate or Severe Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19): A Randomized Controlled Trial
In an open-label, multicenter, randomized clinical trial in adults with moderate or severe COVID-19 admitted to four university hospitals in Iran, the addition of drugs used to treat hepatitis C virus, sofosbuvir and daclatasvir, to standard care (n=33) significantly reduced the duration of hospital stay compared with standard care alone (n=33). Cumulative incidence of hospital discharge was significantly higher in the treatment versus the control arm. Although fewer…
August 18, 2020
SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Responses Correlate with Resolution of RNAemia But Are Short-Lived in Patients with Mild Illness
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] Severely ill patients developed significantly higher SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody responses, based on analysis of 625 serial plasma samples from 40 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and 170 SARS-CoV-2 infected outpatients and asymptomatic individuals. The development of plasma antibodies was also correlated with decreases in viral RNAemia, suggesting potential humoral immune clearance of virus. Additionally, the serological responses of outpatient and asymptomatic…
Potential Antigenic Cross-Reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 and Dengue Viruses
A study in Israel identified potential cross-reactivity between dengue viruses and SARS-CoV-2 by testing serum samples from 55 COVID-19 patients for dengue antibodies and detecting 12 positive cases. In comparison, there were no positives for dengue among serum samples obtained from 70 healthy individuals prior to September 2019 (p < 0.001). In a complementary analysis, 22% (21 of 95) of serum samples obtained prior to September 2019 from patients with diagnosis of past dengue fever were positive on SARS-CoV-2 IgG or…
COVID-19 ICU and Mechanical Ventilation Patient Characteristics and Outcomes – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] A systematic review (28 studies, 12,437 COVID-19 ICU admissions in 7 countries) found strong correlates of ICU mortality were invasive mechanical ventilation (OR=16.5, 95%CI 4.4-62.0), acute kidney injury (OR=12.5, 95%CI 1.5-102.7), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (OR=6.5, 95% CI 2.7-16.0). Chang et al. (Aug 18, 2020). COVID-19 ICU and Mechanical Ventilation Patient Characteristics and Outcomes – A…
Treatment of COVID-19 Patients with Convalescent Plasma Reveals a Signal of Significantly Decreased Mortality
Results of an interim analysis (n=316) of an ongoing prospective study assessing the efficacy of convalescent plasma transfusion showed a significant reduction in mortality (p=0.047) within 28 days, specifically among patients transfused within 72 hours of admission and who received plasma with a high anti-receptor binding domain IgG titer. Salazar et al. (Aug 10, 2020). Treatment of COVID-19 Patients with…
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