Result for
Topic: Transmission
January 20, 2021
Mask-Wearing and Control of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in the USA: A Cross-Sectional Study
A cross-sectional survey study (n =378,207 participants) of mask-wearing and physical distancing in the US found that a 10% increase in self-reported mask-wearing was associated with an increased odds of transmission control at the community level (OR=3.53). Communities with high reported mask-wearing and physical distancing had the highest predicted probability of transmission control. Segmented regression…
January 19, 2021
Secondary Attack Rate in Household Contacts of COVID-19 Paediatric Index Cases: A Study from Western India
A cross-sectional study in Western India estimated a SARS-CoV-2 household attack rate from pediatric index cases of 2%, based on 72 pediatric index COVID-19 cases and 287 household contacts. Index cases were mostly male (94%) and between the ages of 12-18 (74%). Households of index cases with secondary infections were larger than those without secondary…
COVID-19 Dynamics in an Ohio Prison
A retrospective study of the April 2020 outbreak at the Marion Correctional Institution in Ohio showed rapid, widespread infection, with nearly 80% of inmates infected within three weeks of the first reported case. The authors suggest three scenarios that could have given rise to the outbreak: 1) a single initially infected inmate with a basic…
Household Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and Risk Factors for Susceptibility and Infectivity in Wuhan: A Retrospective Observational Study
A retrospective cohort study using contact tracing records from more than 27,000 households in Wuhan, China through April 18 estimated an overall SARS-CoV-2 attack rate among people living in the same household of 16%, assuming a mean incubation period of 5 days and a maximum infectious period of 22 days. Individuals ≥60 years old were…
January 14, 2021
What Is the Evidence for Transmission of COVID-19 by Children in Schools? A Living Systematic Review
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 11 studies from Europe, Asia, Australia, and South America indicate that the overall SARS-CoV-2 attack rate and positivity rate in school environments are low. Data from 5 cohort studies (n=3,345 contacts and 8 transmissions) found a pooled attack rate of 0.15% for students and 0.7% for staff. Across 6…
Emergence and Evolution of a Prevalent New SARS-CoV-2 Variant in the United States
[pre-print, not peer reviewed] Genomic virus surveillance has identified one of the most prevalent SARS-CoV-2 variants in the US, referred to as 20C-US. Earliest 20C-US genomes have been traced in the southern US as early as late May. 20C-US has acquired up to 7 non-synonymous mutations with implications for efficient and accurate virus production, including…
January 13, 2021
Serologic Surveillance and Phylogenetic Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Hospital Health Care Workers
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A prospective study of 801 healthcare workers (HCW) conducted from May-June 2020 found that SARS-CoV-2 incidence was highest in HCW working in COVID-19 patient care (13%), as compared with non-COVID-19 patient care (7%, HR=2.2) and not working in patient care (4%, HR=3.9). Within the group caring for COVID-19 patients, SARS-CoV-2 cumulative incidence…
Duration and Key Determinants of Infectious Virus Shedding in Hospitalized Patients with Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19)
A study of 129 hospitalized individuals who had been diagnosed with COVID-19 by RT-PCR detected infectious virus shedding by viral culture in 23 patients (18%), with infectious virus shedding for a median of 8 days after onset of symptoms. Multivariate analyses identified viral loads above 7 log10 RNA copies/mL as independently associated with isolation of infectious…
January 11, 2021
Team-to-Team Transmission of COVID-19 in Ice Hockey Games – a Case Series of Players in Finnish Ice Hockey Leagues
An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 among U-20 ice hockey teams in Finland was reported based on public statements by the local health authorities and the teams involved. One player who had asymptomatic COVID-19 infected 22 of 28 teammates. The team had returned from an away trip the day before the first players had symptoms. COVID-19 was…
Incidence and Secondary Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Schools
Very limited within-school transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was found in the first 9 weeks of in-person instruction in North Carolina secondary schools between August and October 2020. There were 773 community-acquired infections documented by molecular testing in the 11 school districts with over 90,000 students and staff. Through contact tracing, health department staff identified an additional…
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