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Topic: Vaccines and Immunity
May 27, 2021
Standardised Quantitative Neutralisation Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern by Convalescent Anti-Sera from First Wave Infections of UK Health Care Workers and Patients
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Neutralizing activity of convalescent plasma collected from patients and healthcare workers infected during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic between July and September 2020 (n=61) was reduced by 2-fold against the B.1.1.7 variant and by 8-fold against the B.1.351 and P.1 variant compared to the parent B.1 strain. Neutralizing activity correlated…
Post-Vaccination SARS-CoV-2 Infection Risk Factors and Illness Profile in a Prospective Observational Community-Based Case-Control Study
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections after at least 14 days following the first dose of the Oxford-AstraZeneca or Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines were less likely among those with healthier lifestyle factors. Findings were based on a case-control study of 2,394 individuals with a breakthrough infection matched 1:1 by age, sex, and other potential confounders to other…
Effect of 2 Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines on Symptomatic COVID-19 Infection in Adults
The efficacy in preventing symptomatic COVID-19 14 days after the second dose for two inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines (derived from strains WIV04 and HB02) was 73% (95% CI, 58%-82%) and 78% (95% CI, 65%-86%), respectively, in an interim analysis of a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial among adults aged ≥18 years without known prior infection in…
May 26, 2021
Single-Dose SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in a Prospective Cohort of COVID-19 Patients
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A study comparing antibody responses in 155 previously SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals found a single dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine provided neutralizing antibody titers exceeding those produced following two vaccine doses in 49 previously uninfected healthcare workers. Additionally, pre-vaccination neutralization titers in persons with previous infection were associated with higher neutralization titers after…
Influence of Past Infection with SARS-CoV-2 on the Response to the BioTech Pfizer BNT162b2 MRNA Vaccine in Health Care Workers Kinetics and Durability of the Humoral Response
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A cohort study of 63 hospital healthcare workers in Spain who received 2 doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine found that those with a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection developed a 126-fold increase in antibody levels after 1 dose and maintained higher antibody levels than SARS-CoV-2 naïve workers after the 2nd dose. Healthcare workers with…
Variants of Concern Are Overrepresented among Post-Vaccination Breakthrough Infections of SARS-CoV-2 in Washington State
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] All (n = 20) breakthrough infections detected among fully vaccinated University of Washington healthcare workers involved a variant of concern, compared to a background rate of 68% of community cases being caused by a variant of concern across WA state during the same time period (N=5,174). Additionally, variants that have been reported…
May 25, 2021
SARS-CoV-2 Infection Induces Long-Lived Bone Marrow Plasma Cells in Humans
Mean anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibody titers exhibited a biphasic decay with a rapid decay during the first 4 months followed by a more gradual decline up to 11 months in an analysis of sera from 77 convalescent individuals, most of whom had recovered from mild COVID-19. Analysis of bone marrow aspirates collected at 7-8 months…
Safety and Immunogenicity of Anti–SARS-CoV-2 Messenger RNA Vaccines in Recipients of Solid Organ Transplants
Prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a cohort of 367 solid organ transplant recipients in France who received an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine was 1.4% at baseline, 6.3% prior to the second dose, and 34% at 1 month after the second dose. The vaccines were well tolerated with only one serious adverse event reported. Marion et al. (May…
Symptoms After COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients With Persistent Symptoms After Acute Infection: A Case Series
In a case series of 36 participants from the UK with persistent COVID-19 symptoms 8 months after hospitalization, 71% of reported symptoms present prior to vaccination with a COVID-19 vaccine were unchanged a median of 1 month after receiving the first dose. 23% of symptoms had improved, and 6% had worsened. Prior to vaccination, participants…
Public Trust and Willingness to Vaccinate Against COVID-19 in the US From October 14, 2020, to March 29, 2021
Estimated vaccine hesitancy in the US declined from 46% in October 2020 to 35% in March 2021, according to an analysis of 42,154 survey responses from 7,420 participants in 7 waves of the probability-based Understanding America Study (UAS). Declines in hesitancy were observed across demographic groups and were largest among Hispanic (52% to 37%) and…
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