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Athlete in wheelchair Ability-Based Design
Developing technologies, principles, and methods to support the full range of human abilities with interactive systems.
[Show 16 publications]
  1. Kong, J., Zhong, M., Fogarty, J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2024). The Ability-Based Design Mobile Toolkit: Developer support for runtime interface adaptation based on users' abilities. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction (MobileHCI '24). Melbourne, Australia (September 30-October 3, 2024). New York: ACM Press. To appear.
  2. Mitchell, C.L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2024). Physiological signals for ability-based design. Workshop on "Towards Best Practices for Integrating Physiological Signals in HCI (PhysioCHI '24)." ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '24). Honolulu, Hawaii (May 11-16, 2024). Paper No. 18.
  3. Wobbrock, J.O. (2022). Ability-based design: What role might A.I. play? Michigan A.I. Symposium. Ann Arbor, MI (November 5, 2022). University of Michigan. Opening Keynote Address.
  4. Nolte, A., Wobbrock, J., Volkmann, T. and Jochems, N. (2022). Implementing ability-based design: A systematic approach to conceptual user modeling. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 15 (4). Article No. 34.
  5. Kong, J., Zhong, M., Fogarty, J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2022). Quantifying touch: New metrics for characterizing what happens during a touch. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '22). Athens, Greece (October 23-26, 2022). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 33. Best Paper Nominee.
  6. Kong, J., Zhong, M., Fogarty, J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2021). New metrics for understanding touch by people with and without limited fine motor function. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '21). Virtual Event (October 18-22, 2021). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 80.
  7. Wobbrock, J.O., Gajos, K.Z., Kane, S.K. and Vanderheiden, G.C. (2018). Ability-based design. Communications of the ACM 61 (6), pp. 62-71.
  8. Wobbrock, J.O. (2017). Ability-based design: Elevating ability over disability in accessible computing. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '17). Denver, Colorado (May 6-11, 2017). New York: ACM Press, pp. 5-7. 2017 SIGCHI Social Impact Award.
  9. Mott, M.E., Vatavu, R.-D., Kane, S.K. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2016). Smart Touch: Improving touch accuracy for people with motor impairments with template matching. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '16). San Jose, California (May 7-12, 2016). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1934-1946. Best Paper Winner.
  10. Wobbrock, J.O. (2014). Improving pointing in graphical user interfaces for people with motor impairments through ability-based design. Chapter 8 in G. Kouroupetroglou (ed.), Assistive Technologies and Computer Access for Motor Disabilities. Hershey, PA: IGI Global, pp. 206-253.
  11. Hurst, A., Gajos, K.Z., Findlater, L., Wobbrock, J.O., Sears, A. and Trewin, S. (2011). Dynamic accessibility: Detecting and accommodating differences in ability and situation. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 41-44.
  12. Wobbrock, J.O., Kane, S.K., Gajos, K.Z., Harada, S. and Froehlich, J. (2011). Ability-based design: Concept, principles and examples. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 3 (3). Article No. 9.
  13. Gajos, K.Z., Weld, D.S. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2010). Automatically generating personalized user interfaces with Supple. Artificial Intelligence 174 (12-13), pp. 910-950.
  14. Gajos, K.Z., Weld, D.S. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2008). Decision-theoretic user interface generation. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Nectar Papers Track (AAAI '08). Chicago, Illinois (July 13-17, 2008). Menlo Park, California: AAAI Press, pp. 1532-1536.
  15. Gajos, K.Z., Wobbrock, J.O. and Weld, D.S. (2008). Improving the performance of motor-impaired users with automatically-generated, ability-based interfaces. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '08). Florence, Italy (April 5-10, 2008). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1257-1266. Best Paper Winner.
  16. Gajos, K.Z., Wobbrock, J.O. and Weld, D.S. (2007). Automatically generating user interfaces adapted to users' motor and vision capabilities. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '07). Newport, Rhode Island (October 7-10, 2007). New York: ACM Press, pp. 231-240.
Woman walking with mobile phone and luggage Understanding, Detecting and Accommodating Situational Impairments
Understanding the effects of situational impairments and devising new sensors and interfaces to help users overcome these temporary impairments.
[Show 15 publications]
  1. Tigwell, G., Sarsenbayeva, Z., Gorman, B., Flatla, D., Goncalves, J., Yesilada, Y. and Wobbrock, J. (2020). Future directions for situationally induced impairments and disabilities research. ACM Interactions Blog. October 6, 2020.
  2. Wobbrock, J.O. (2019). Situationally aware mobile devices for overcoming situational impairments. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Engineering Interactive Computing Systems (EICS '19). Valencia, Spain (June 18-21, 2019). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 1. Opening Keynote Address.
  3. Tigwell, G.W., Sarsenbayeva, Z., Gorman, B.M., Flatla, D.R., Goncalves, J., Yesilada, Y. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2019). Addressing the challenges of situationally-induced impairments and disabilities in mobile interaction. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '19). Glasgow, Scotland (May 4-9, 2019). New York: ACM Press. Paper No. W30.
  4. Mott, M.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2019). Cluster Touch: Improving smartphone touch accuracy for people with motor and situational impairments. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '19). Glasgow, Scotland (May 4-9, 2019). New York: ACM Press. Paper No. 27.
  5. Wobbrock, J.O. (2019). Situationally-induced impairments and disabilities. Chapter 5 in Y. Yesilada & S. Harper (eds.), Web Accessibility: A Foundation for Research (2nd ed.). London, England: Springer, pp. 59-92.
  6. Tung, Y.-C., Goel, M., Zinda, I. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2018). RainCheck: Overcoming capacitive interference caused by rainwater on smartphones. Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction (ICMI '18). Boulder, Colorado (October 16-20, 2018). New York: ACM Press, pp. 464-471.
  7. Mariakakis, A., Parsi, S., Patel, S.N. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2018). Drunk user interfaces: Determining blood alcohol level through everyday smartphone tasks. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '18). Montreal, Quebec (April 21-26, 2018). New York: ACM Press. Paper No. 234.
  8. Mariakakis, A., Goel, M., Aumi, M.T.I., Patel, S.N. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2015). SwitchBack: Using focus and saccade tracking to guide users' attention for mobile task resumption. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '15). Seoul, Korea (April 18-23, 2015). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2953-2962.
  9. Kay, M., Rector, K., Consolvo, S., Greenstein, B., Wobbrock, J.O., Watson, N.F., Kientz, J.A. (2013). PVT-Touch: Adapting a reaction time test for touchscreen devices. Proceedings of the International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare (PervasiveHealth '13). Venice, Italy (May 5-8, 2013). Washington, D.C.: IEEE Computer Society, pp. 248-251.
  10. Goel, M., Jansen, A., Mandel, T., Patel, S.N. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). ContextType: Using hand posture information to improve mobile touch screen text entry. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '13). Paris, France (April 27-May 2, 2013). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2795-2798.
  11. Goel, M., Wobbrock, J.O. and Patel, S.N. (2012). GripSense: Using built-in sensors to detect hand posture and pressure on commodity mobile phones. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '12). Cambridge, Massachusetts (October 7-10, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 545-554.
  12. Goel, M., Findlater, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). WalkType: Using accelerometer data to accommodate situational impairments in mobile touch screen text entry. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '12). Austin, Texas (May 5-10, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2687-2696. Honorable Mention Paper.
  13. Kane, S.K., Wobbrock, J.O. and Smith, I.E. (2008). Getting off the treadmill: Evaluating walking user interfaces for mobile devices in public spaces. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (MobileHCI '08). Amsterdam, The Netherlands (September 18-20, 2008). New York: ACM Press, pp. 109-118. Best Paper Winner.
  14. Wobbrock, J.O., Myers, B.A. and Aung, H.H. (2008). The performance of hand postures in front- and back-of-device interaction for mobile computing. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 66 (12), pp. 857-875.
  15. Wobbrock, J.O. (2006). The future of mobile device research in HCI. Workshop on "What is the Next Generation of Human-Computer Interaction?" ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '06). Montreal, Quebec (April 22-27, 2006), pp. 131-134.
Hand holding an iPhone Mobile Accessibility for People with Disabilities
Making mobile devices more accessible to people who are blind, have low vision, or have motor impairments. Also, using mobile devices to make the world more accessible.
[Show 18 publications]
  1. Kong, J., Zhong, M., Fogarty, J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2024). The Ability-Based Design Mobile Toolkit: Developer support for runtime interface adaptation based on users' abilities. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction (MobileHCI '24). Melbourne, Australia (September 30-October 3, 2024). New York: ACM Press. To appear.
  2. Fok, R., Zhong, M., Ross, A.S., Fogarty, J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2022). A large-scale longitudinal analysis of missing label accessibility failures in Android apps. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '22). New Orleans, Louisiana (April 30-May 5, 2022). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 461.
  3. Ross, A.S., Zhang, X., Fogarty, J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2020). An epidemiology-inspired large-scale analysis of Android app accessibility. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 13 (1). Article No. 4.
  4. Chaudhuri, B., Perlmutter, L., Petelka, J., Garrison, P., Fogarty, J., Wobbrock, J.O. and Ladner, R.E. (2019). GestureCalc: An eyes-free calculator for touch screens. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '19). Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (October 28-30, 2019). New York: ACM Press, pp. 112-123.
  5. Perlmutter, L., Chaudhuri, B., Petelka, J., Garrison, P., Fogarty, J., Wobbrock, J.O. and Ladner, R.E. (2019). Demonstration of GestureCalc: An eyes-free calculator for touch screens. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '19). Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (October 28-30, 2019). New York: ACM Press, pp. 667-669.
  6. Mott, M.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2019). Cluster Touch: Improving smartphone touch accuracy for people with motor and situational impairments. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '19). Glasgow, Scotland (May 4-9, 2019). New York: ACM Press. Paper No. 27.
  7. Ross, A.S., Zhang, X., Fogarty, J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2018). Examining image-based button labeling for accessibility in Android apps through large-scale analysis. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '18). Galway, Ireland (October 22-24, 2018). New York: ACM Press, pp. 119-130. Best Paper Nominee.
  8. Ross, A.S., Zhang, X., Fogarty, J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2017). Epidemiology as a framework for large-scale mobile application accessibility assessment. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '17). Baltimore, Maryland (October 30 - November 1, 2017). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2-11. Best Paper Nominee.
  9. Zhang, X., Ross, A., Caspi, A., Fogarty, J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2017). Interaction proxies for runtime repair and enhancement of mobile application accessibility. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '17). Denver, Colorado (May 6-11, 2017). New York: ACM Press, pp. 6024-6037.
  10. Kane, S.K., Frey, B. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). Access Lens: A gesture-based screen reader for real-world documents. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '13). Paris, France (April 27-May 2, 2013). New York: ACM Press, pp. 347-350.
  11. Azenkot, S., Rector, K., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). The need for research on mobile technologies for people with low-vision. Third Mobile Accessibility Workshop (MOBACC '13). ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '13). Paris, France (April 27-May 2, 2013).
  12. Azenkot, S., Rector, K., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). PassChords: Secure multi-touch authentication for blind people. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '12). Boulder, Colorado (October 22-24, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 159-166. Best Paper Winner.
  13. Azenkot, S., Wobbrock, J.O., Prasain, S. and Ladner, R.E. (2012). Input Finger Detection for nonvisual touch screen text entry in Perkinput. Proceedings of Graphics Interface (GI '12). Toronto, Ontario (May 28-30, 2012). Toronto, Ontario: Canadian Information Processing Society, pp. 121-129.
  14. Azenkot, S., Wobbrock, J.O. and Ladner, R.E. (2011). Smartphone haptic feedback for nonvisual wayfinding. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '11). Dundee, Scotland (October 24-26, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 281-282.
  15. Azenkot, S., Prasain, S., Borning, A., Fortuna, E., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2011). Enhancing independence and safety for blind and deaf-blind public transit riders. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 3247-3256.
  16. Kane, S.K., Jayant, C., Wobbrock, J.O. and Ladner, R.E. (2009). Freedom to roam: A study of mobile device adoption and accessibility for people with visual and motor disabilities. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '09). Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (October 26-28, 2009). New York: ACM Press, pp. 115-122.
  17. Kane, S.K., Bigham, J.P. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2008). Slide Rule: Making mobile touch screens accessible to blind people using multi-touch interaction techniques. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '08). Halifax, Nova Scotia (October 13-15, 2008). New York: ACM Press, pp. 73-80. 2019 SIGACCESS ASSETS Paper Impact Award.
  18. Froehlich, J., Wobbrock, J.O. and Kane, S.K. (2007). Barrier Pointing: Using physical edges to assist target acquisition on mobile device touch screens. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '07). Tempe, Arizona (October 15-17, 2007). New York: ACM Press, pp. 19-26.
Person in VR headset Accessibility of Virtual Reality
Improving the accessibility of VR through systems, techniques, and studies.
[Show 2 publications]
  1. Wobbrock, J.O., Franz, R.L. and Kneitmix, M. (2024). Improving the accessibility of virtual reality for people with motor and visual impairments. Workshop on "Building a Metaverse for All: Opportunities and Challenges for Future Inclusive and Accessible Virtual Environments (Metaverse4All '24)." ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '24). Honolulu, Hawaii (May 11-16, 2024). Paper No. 4.
  2. Franz, R.L., Yu, J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2023). Comparing locomotion techniques in virtual reality for people with upper-body motor impairments. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '23). New York, New York (October 22-25, 2023). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 39.
Hand on surface End-User Elicitation Methodology
Furthering end-user elicitation studies and design methods with new tools and techniques.
[Show 11 publications]
  1. Vatavu, R.-D. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2022). Clarifying agreement calculations and analysis for end-user elicitation studies. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 29 (1). Article No. 5.
  2. Ali, A.X., McAweeney, E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2021). Anachronism by design: Understanding young adults' perceptions of computer iconography. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 151. Article No. 102599.
  3. Ali, A.X., Morris, M.R. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2021). Distributed interaction design: Designing human-centered interactions in a time of social distancing. ACM Interactions 28 (2), pp. 82-87.
  4. Villarreal-Narvaez, S., Vanderdonckt, J., Vatavu, R.-D. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2020). A systematic review of gesture elicitation studies: What can we learn from 216 studies? Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems (DIS '20). Eindhoven, Netherlands (July 6-10, 2020). New York: ACM Press, pp. 855-872.
  5. Ali, A.X., Morris, M.R. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2019). Crowdlicit: A system for conducting distributed end-user elicitation and identification studies. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '19). Glasgow, Scotland (May 4-9, 2019). New York: ACM Press. Paper No. 255.
  6. Ali, A.X., Morris, M.R. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2018). Crowdsourcing similarity judgments for agreement analysis in end-user elicitation studies. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '18). Berlin, Germany (October 14-17, 2018). New York: ACM Press, pp. 177-188.
  7. Vatavu, R.-D. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2016). Between-subjects elicitation studies: Formalization and tool support. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '16). San Jose, California (May 7-12, 2016). New York: ACM Press, pp. 3390-3402.
  8. Vatavu, R.-D. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2015). Formalizing agreement analysis for elicitation studies: New measures, significance test, and toolkit. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '15). Seoul, Korea (April 18-23, 2015). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1325-1334. Honorable Mention Paper.
  9. Morris, M.R., Danielescu, A., Drucker, S., Fisher, D., Lee, B., schraefel, m.c. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2014). Reducing legacy bias in gesture elicitation studies. ACM Interactions 21 (3), pp. 40-45.
  10. Wobbrock, J.O., Morris, M.R. and Wilson, A.D. (2009). User-defined gestures for surface computing. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '09). Boston, Massachusetts (April 4-9, 2009). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1083-1092. Best Paper Nominee.
  11. Wobbrock, J.O., Aung, H.H., Rothrock, B. and Myers, B.A. (2005). Maximizing the guessability of symbolic input. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '05). Portland, Oregon (April 2-7, 2005). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1869-1872.
Analysis of a star stroke gesture Understanding Gestures
Studies and tools for better understanding gestures in interactive computing.
[Show 8 publications]
  1. Yamagami, M., Portnova-Fahreeva, A.A., Kong, J., Wobbrock, J.O. and Mankoff, J. (2023). How do people with limited movement personalize upper-body gestures? Considerations for the design of personalized and accessible gesture interfaces. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '23). New York, New York (October 22-25, 2023). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 1.
  2. Ali, A.X., Morris, M.R. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2021). "I am Iron Man": Priming improves the learnability and memorability of user-elicited gestures. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '21). Yokohama, Japan (May 8-13, 2021). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 359.
  3. Anthony, L., Stofer, K.A., Luc, A. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2016). Gestures by children and adults on touch tables and touch walls in a public science center. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Interaction Design and Children (IDC '16). Manchester, England (June 21-24, 2016). New York: ACM Press, pp. 344-355.
  4. Vatavu, R.-D., Anthony, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2014). Gesture heatmaps: Understanding gesture performance with colorful visualizations. Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction (ICMI '14). Istanbul, Turkey (November 12-16, 2014). New York: ACM Press, pp. 172-179.
  5. Vatavu, R.-D., Anthony, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). Relative accuracy measures for stroke gestures. Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction (ICMI '13). Sydney, Australia (December 9-13, 2013). New York: ACM Press, pp. 279-286.
  6. Anthony, L., Vatavu, R.-D. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). Understanding the consistency of users' pen and finger stroke gesture articulation. Proceedings of Graphics Interface (GI '13). Regina, Saskatchewan (May 29-31, 2013). Toronto, Ontario: Canadian Information Processing Society, pp. 87-94.
  7. Kane, S.K., Wobbrock, J.O. and Ladner, R.E. (2011). Usable gestures for blind people: Understanding preference and performance. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 413-422. Best Paper Winner.
  8. Morris, M.R., Wobbrock, J.O. and Wilson, A.D. (2010). Understanding users' preferences for surface gestures. Proceedings of Graphics Interface (GI '10). Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (May 31-June 2, 2010). Toronto, Ontario: Canadian Information Processing Society, pp. 261-268.
Accessible object canvas Accessible Creativity Tools
Improving the accessibility of digital content creation tools for blind and low-vision users.
[Show 5 publications]
  1. Zhang, Z.J., Kim, G.S.-H. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2023). Developing and deploying a real-world solution for accessible slide reading and authoring for blind users. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '23). New York, New York (October 22-25, 2023). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 47.
  2. Zhang, Z.J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2023). A11yBoard: Making digital artboards accessible to blind and low-vision users. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '23). Hamburg, Germany (April 23-28, 2023). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 55.
  3. Zhang, Z. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2022). A11yBoard: Using multimodal input and output to make digital artboards accessible to blind users. Adjunct Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '22). Bend, Oregon (October 29-November 2, 2022). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 9. Best Poster Honorable Mention.
  4. Zhang, M.R., Zhong, M. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2022). Ga11y: An automated GIF annotation system for visually impaired users. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '22). New Orleans, Louisiana (April 30-May 5, 2022). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 197.
  5. Schaadhardt, A., Hiniker, A. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2021). Understanding blind screen-reader users' experiences of digital artboards. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '21). Yokohama, Japan (May 8-13, 2021). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 270.
Accessible data visualization Accessible Data Visualizations
Improving the accessibility of online data visualizations for screen-reader users.
[Show 6 publications]
  1. Sharif, A., Potluri, V., Ang, J.R.X., Wobbrock, J.O. and Mankoff, J. (2024). Touchpad Mapper: Exploring non-visual touchpad interactions for screen-reader users. Extended Abstracts of the International Web for All Conference (W4A '24). Singapore (May 13-14, 2024). New York: ACM Press. To appear.
  2. Sharif, A., Zhang, A.M., Reinecke, K. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2023). Understanding and improving drilled-down information extraction from online data visualizations for screen-reader users. Proceedings of the International Web for All Conference (W4A '23). Austin, Texas (April 30-May 1, 2023). New York: ACM Press, pp. 18-31. Best Technical Paper.
  3. Sharif, A., Zhang, A.M., Reinecke, K. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2023). Understanding and improving drilled-down information extraction from online data visualizations for screen-reader users. Extended Abstracts of the International Web for All Conference (W4A '23). Austin, Texas (April 30-May 1, 2023). New York: ACM Press, pp. 168-170.
  4. Sharif, A., Zhang, A.M., Shih, A., Wobbrock, J.O. and Reinecke, K. (2022). Understanding and improving information extraction from online geospatial data visualizations for screen-reader users. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '22). Athens, Greece (October 23-26, 2022). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 61.
  5. Sharif, A., Wang, O.H., Muongchan, A.T., Reinecke, K. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2022). VoxLens: Making online data visualizations accessible with an interactive JavaScript plug-in. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '22). New Orleans, Louisiana (April 30-May 5, 2022). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 478.
  6. Sharif, A., Chintalapati, S.S., Wobbrock, J.O. and Reinecke, K. (2021). Understanding screen-reader users' experiences with online data visualizations. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '21). Virtual Event (October 18-22, 2021). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 14.
Simple gesture recognizers for arbitrary strokes The $-family Gesture Recognizers
Creating lightweight easily implementable stroke-gesture recognizers for user interface prototypes on all kinds of platforms.
[Show 6 publications]
  1. Yamagami, M., Portnova-Fahreeva, A., Mitchell, C.L., Kong, J., Wobbrock, J.O. and Mankoff, J. (2024). Personalized gesture classification for encouraging non-sedentary behavior during technology use in people with motor disabilities. Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC '24). Orlando, Florida (July 15-19, 2024). Piscataway, New Jersey: IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. To appear.
  2. Vatavu, R.-D., Anthony, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2018). $Q: A super-quick, articulation-invariant stroke-gesture recognizer for low-resource devices. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (MobileHCI '18). Barcelona, Spain (September 3-6, 2018). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 23. Honorable Mention Paper.
  3. Vatavu, R.-D., Anthony, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). Gestures as point clouds: A $P recognizer for user interface prototypes. Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction (ICMI '12). Santa Monica, California (October 22-26, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 273-280. Outstanding Paper Winner; ICMI 2022 Ten-Year Technical Impact Award.
  4. Anthony, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). $N-Protractor: A fast and accurate multistroke recognizer. Proceedings of Graphics Interface (GI '12). Toronto, Ontario (May 28-30, 2012). Toronto, Ontario: Canadian Information Processing Society, pp. 117-120.
  5. Anthony, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2010). A lightweight multistroke recognizer for user interface prototypes. Proceedings of Graphics Interface (GI '10). Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (May 31-June 2, 2010). Toronto, Ontario: Canadian Information Processing Society, pp. 245-252.
  6. Wobbrock, J.O., Wilson, A.D. and Li, Y. (2007). Gestures without libraries, toolkits or training: A $1 recognizer for user interface prototypes. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '07). Newport, Rhode Island (October 7-10, 2007). New York: ACM Press, pp. 159-168. Invited for special reprise presentation at SIGGRAPH 2008.
ARTool software Improving Statistics in HCI
Developing tools and methods for improving statistical analyses in human-computer interaction.
[Show 5 publications]
  1. Elkin, L.A., Kay, M., Higgins, J.J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2021). An aligned rank transform procedure for multifactor contrast tests. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '21). Virtual Event (October 10-14, 2021). New York: ACM Press, pp. 754-768.
  2. Wobbrock, J.O. (2017). The relevance of nonparametric and semi-parametric statistics to HCI. Workshop on "Moving Transparent Statistics Forward." ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '17). Denver, Colorado (May 6-11, 2017). Paper No. 2.
  3. Wobbrock, J.O. and Kay, M. (2016). Nonparametric statistics in human-computer interaction. Chapter 7 in J. Robertson & M.C. Kaptein (eds.), Modern Statistical Methods for HCI. Switzerland: Springer, pp. 135-170.
  4. Wobbrock, J.O. (2011). Practical statistics for human-computer interaction: An independent study combining statistics theory and tool know-how. Annual Workshop of the Human-Computer Interaction Consortium (HCIC '11). Pacific Grove, California (June 14-18, 2011).
  5. Wobbrock, J.O., Findlater, L., Gergle, D. and Higgins, J.J. (2011). The aligned rank transform for nonparametric factorial analyses using only ANOVA procedures. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 143-146. Honorable Mention Paper.
Thumbnail of a figure showing a cross Faith, Spirituality and Meditation in HCI
Exploring the relevance of religious faith, spiritual devotion, and mindfulness meditation to human-computer interaction.
[Show 4 publications]
  1. Hiniker, A. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2022). Reclaiming attention: Christianity and HCI. ACM Interactions 29 (4), pp. 40-44.
  2. Hiniker, A. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2022). Reclaiming attention: A Christian perspective prioritizing relationships in the design of technology. Workshop on "Integrating Religion, Faith, and Spirituality in HCI." ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '22). New Orleans, Louisiana (April 30-May 5, 2022).
  3. Levy, D.M., Wobbrock, J.O., Kaszniak, A.W. and Ostergren, M. (2012). The effects of mindfulness meditation training on multitasking in a high-stress information environment. Proceedings of Graphics Interface (GI '12). Toronto, Ontario (May 28-30, 2012). Toronto, Ontario: Canadian Information Processing Society, pp. 45-52.
  4. Levy, D.M., Wobbrock, J.O., Kaszniak, A.W. and Ostergren, M. (2011). Initial results from a study of the effects of meditation on multitasking performance. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2011-2016.
↑ Current Projects ↑
↓ Past Projects ↓
Thumbnail of a web page Credibility of News Websites and Social Media
Exploring fake news websites, social media posts, and user interfaces to promote facts over fiction.
[Show 3 publications]
  1. Wobbrock, J.O., Hattatoglu, L., Hsu, A.K., Burger, M.A. and Magee, M.J. (2021). The Goldilocks zone: Young adults' credibility perceptions of online news articles based on visual appearance. New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia 27 (1-2), pp. 51-96.
  2. Wobbrock, J.O. (2020). Hypertext, social media, and civic engagement: How hypertext is ruining the world, and might just save it. Proceedings of the ACM Workshop on Human Factors in Hypertext (HUMAN '20). Virtual Event (December 4, 2020). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 2. Opening Keynote Address.
  3. Wobbrock, J.O., Hsu, A.K., Burger, M.A. and Magee, M.J. (2019). Isolating the effects of web page visual appearance on the perceived credibility of online news among college students. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media (HT '19). Hof, Germany (September 17-20, 2019). New York: ACM Press, pp. 191-200. Douglas Engelbart Award for Best Paper.
An older adult with a tablet Technology and Older Adults
Designing, building, and evaluating technologies with and for older adults.
[Show 6 publications]
  1. Franz, R.L., Wobbrock, J.O., Cheng, Y. and Findlater, L. (2019). Perception and adoption of mobile accessibility features by older adults experiencing ability changes. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '19). Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (October 28-30, 2019). New York: ACM Press, pp. 267-278.
  2. Franz, R.L., Findlater, L., Neves, B.B. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2019). Gender and help seeking by older adults when learning new technologies. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '19). Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (October 28-30, 2019). New York: ACM Press, pp. 136-142.
  3. Franz, R.L., Findlater, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2019). Just ask me: Comparing older and younger individuals' knowledge of their optimal touchscreen target sizes. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '19). Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (October 28-30, 2019). New York: ACM Press, pp. 591-593.
  4. Franz, R.L., Neves, B.B., Epp, C.D., Baecker, R. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2019). Why and how think-alouds with older adults fail: Recommendations from a study and expert interviews. In S. Sayago (ed.), Perspectives on Human-Computer Interaction Research with Older People. Switzerland: Springer, pp. 217-235.
  5. Franz, R., Findlater, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2018). Lost in transition: The importance of conceptualizing aging as a process in accessibility research. Workshop on "Designing Interactions for the Ageing Populations." ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '18). Montreal, Quebec (April 21-26, 2018), pp. 53-58.
  6. Findlater, L., Froehlich, J., Fattal, K., Wobbrock, J.O. and Dastyar, T. (2013). Age-related differences in performance with touchscreens compared to traditional mouse input. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '13). Paris, France (April 27-May 2, 2013). New York: ACM Press, pp. 343-346. Honorable Mention Paper.
Old-fashioned hearing aid Design for Social Accessibility
Performing foundational studies and methodology development for creating "socially accessible" assistive technologies that reduce stigma and promote self-confidence over self-consciousness.
[Show 7 publications]
  1. Shinohara, K., Jacobo, N., Pratt, W. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2019). Design for social accessibility method cards: Engaging users and reflecting on social scenarios for accessible design. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 12 (4). Article No. 17.
  2. Shinohara, K., Wobbrock, J.O. and Pratt, W. (2018). Incorporating social factors in accessible design. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '18). Galway, Ireland (October 22-24, 2018). New York: ACM Press, pp. 149-160.
  3. Shinohara, K., Bennett, C.L., Pratt, W. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2018). Tenets for social accessibility: Towards humanizing disabled people in design. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 11 (1). Article No. 6.
  4. Shinohara, K., Bennett, C.L., Wobbrock, J.O. and Pratt, W. (2017). Teaching accessibility in a technology design course. Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL '17), vol. 1. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (June 18-22, 2017). International Society of the Learning Sciences, pp. 239-246.
  5. Shinohara, K., Bennett, C.L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2016). How designing for people with and without disabilities shapes student design thinking. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '16). Reno, Nevada (October 24-26, 2016). New York: ACM Press, pp. 229-237.
  6. Shinohara, K. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2016). Self-conscious or self-confident? A diary study conceptualizing the social accessibility of assistive technology. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 8 (2). Article No. 5.
  7. Shinohara, K. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2011). In the shadow of misperception: Assistive technology use and social interactions. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 705-714. Best Paper Winner.
MobileASL MobileASL
Conducting user-centered laboratory and field studies of MobileASL, which allows deaf people to communicate with video using 3-G mobile phones and networks.
[Show 10 publications]
  1. Tran, J.J., Riskin, E.A., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2015). Evaluating intelligibility and battery drain of mobile sign language video transmitted at low frame rates and bit rates. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 7 (3). Article No. 11.
  2. Tran, J.J., Flowers, B., Riskin, E.A., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2014). Analyzing the intelligibility of real-time mobile sign language video transmitted below recommended standards. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '14). Rochester, New York (October 20-22, 2014). New York: ACM Press, pp. 177-184.
  3. Tran, J.J., Rodriguez, R., Riskin, E.A. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). A web-based intelligibility evaluation of sign language video transmitted at low frame rates and bitrates. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '13). Bellevue, Washington (October 21-23, 2013). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 2.
  4. Tran, J.J, Riskin, E.A., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). Human-centered approach evaluating mobile sign language video communication. Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing Conference (GHC '13). Minneapolis, Minnesota (October 2-5, 2013).
  5. Tran, J.J., Riskin, E.A., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). Increasing mobile sign language video accessibility by relaxing video transmission standards. Third Mobile Accessibility Workshop (MOBACC '13). ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '13). Paris, France (April 27-May 2, 2013).
  6. O'Leary, K., Delahunt, C., Dowden, P., Darmansya, I., Heng, J., Riskin, E.A., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). Design goals for a system for enhancing AAC with personalized video. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '12). Boulder, Colorado (October 22-24, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 223-224.
  7. Tran, J.J., Kim, J., Chon, J., Riskin, E.A., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2011). Evaluating quality and comprehension of real-time sign language video on mobile phones. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '11). Dundee, Scotland (October 24-26, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 115-122.
  8. Kim, J., Tran, J.J., Johnson, T.W., Ladner, R., Riskin, E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2011). Effect of MobileASL on communication among deaf users. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2185-2190.
  9. Tran, J.J., Johnson, T.W., Kim, J., Rodriguez, R., Yin, S., Riskin, E.A., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2010). A web-based user survey for evaluating power saving strategies for deaf users of MobileASL. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '10). Orlando, Florida (October 25-27, 2010). New York: ACM Press, pp. 115-122.
  10. Cherniavsky, N., Chon, J., Wobbrock, J.O., Ladner, R.E. and Riskin, E.A. (2009). Activity analysis enabling real-time video communication on mobile phones for deaf users. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '09). Victoria, British Columbia (October 4-7, 2009). New York: ACM Press, pp. 79-88.
Non-speech voice-based computer access Non-Speech Voice-Based Computer Access
Exploring continuous non-speech voice control of computers for people with motor impairments.
[Show 5 publications]
  1. Harada, S., Wobbrock, J.O. and Landay, J.A. (2011). Voice Games: Investigation into the use of non-speech voice input for making computer games more accessible. Proceedings of the IFIP TC13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (INTERACT '11). Lisbon, Portugal (September 5-9, 2011). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 6946/2011. Berlin, Germany: Springer, pp. 11-29.
  2. Harada, S., Wobbrock, J.O. and Landay, J.A. (2009). Beyond speech recognition: Improving voice-driven access to computers. Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE-IBM Accessing the Future Conference. Boston, Massachusetts (July 21-22, 2009).
  3. Harada, S., Wobbrock, J.O., Malkin, J., Bilmes, J. and Landay, J.A. (2009). Longitudinal study of people learning to use continuous voice-based cursor control. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '09). Boston, Massachusetts (April 4-9, 2009). New York: ACM Press, pp. 347-356.
  4. Harada, S., Lester, J., Patel, K., Saponas, T.S., Fogarty, J., Landay, J.A. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2008). VoiceLabel: Using speech to label mobile sensor data. Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces (ICMI '08). Chania, Crete, Greece (October 20-22, 2008). New York: ACM Press, pp. 69-76.
  5. Harada, S., Wobbrock, J.O. and Landay, J.A. (2007). VoiceDraw: A voice-driven hands-free drawing application. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '07). Tempe, Arizona (October 15-17, 2007). New York: ACM Press, pp. 27-34.
Access Overlays Making Interactive Tabletops Accessible
Making interactive tabletops accessible to people with disabilities.
[Show 3 publications]
  1. Mott, M.E., Vatavu, R.-D., Kane, S.K. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2016). Smart Touch: Improving touch accuracy for people with motor impairments with template matching. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '16). San Jose, California (May 7-12, 2016). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1934-1946. Best Paper Winner.
  2. Kane, S.K., Morris, M.R. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). Touchplates: Low-cost tactile overlays for visually impaired touch screen users. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '13). Bellevue, Washington (October 21-23, 2013). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 22.
  3. Kane, S.K., Morris, M.R., Perkins, A.Z., Wigdor, D., Ladner, R.E., and Wobbrock, J.O. (2011). Access Overlays: Improving non-visual access to large touch screens for blind users. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '11). Santa Barbara, California (October 16-19, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 273-282.
Bonfire Laptop/Tabletop System Extending Laptop and Tablet Interactions with Projectors and Cameras
Using computer vision and micro-projectors to extend interaction onto the surrounding table surface.
[Show 3 publications]
  1. Avrahami, D., Wobbrock, J.O. and Izadi, S. (2011). Portico: Tangible interaction on and around a tablet. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '11). Santa Barbara, California (October 16-19, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 347-356.
  2. Rosenthal, S., Kane, S.K., Wobbrock, J.O. and Avrahami, D. (2010). Augmenting on-screen instructions with micro-projected guides: When it works, and when it fails. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Ubiquitous Computing (Ubicomp '10). Copenhagen, Denmark (September 26-29, 2010). New York: ACM Press, pp. 203-212.
  3. Kane, S.K., Avrahami, D., Wobbrock, J.O., Harrison, B., Rea, A., Philipose, M. and LaMarca, A. (2009). Bonfire: A nomadic system for hybrid laptop-tabletop interaction. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '09). Victoria, British Columbia (October 4-7, 2009). New York: ACM Press, pp. 129-138.
Students collaborating at a tabletop computer Improving Student Collaboration on Interactive Tabletops
Understanding and modeling student behavior at interactive tabletops, and designing interventions to improve collaborative work in real-world classroom settings.
[Show 5 publications]
  1. Evans, A.C., Davis, K. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2019). Adaptive support for collaboration on tabletop computers. Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL '19), vol. 1. Lyon, France (June 17-21, 2019). International Society of the Learning Sciences, pp. 176-183.
  2. Evans, A.C., Davis, K., Fogarty, J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2017). Group Touch: Distinguishing tabletop users in group settings via statistical modeling of touch pairs. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '17). Denver, Colorado (May 6-11, 2017). New York: ACM Press, pp. 35-47.
  3. Evans, A.C., Wobbrock, J.O. and Davis, K. (2016). Modeling collaboration patterns on an interactive tabletop in a classroom setting. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (CSCW '16). San Francisco, California (February 27-March 2, 2016). New York: ACM Press, pp. 860-871.
  4. Kane, S.K., Shinohara, K.S. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2015). OneView: Enabling collaboration between blind and sighted students. Computer Science Technical Report 1037. Boulder, CO: University of Colorado Boulder, 6 pages.
  5. Evans, A. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2014). Filling in the gaps: Capturing social regulation in an interactive tabletop learning environment. Proceedings of the International Conference of the Learning Sciences (ICLS '14), vol. 2. Boulder, Colorado (June 23-27, 2014). International Society of the Learning Sciences, pp. 1157-1161.
Software keyboard
Software keyboard with drawn punctuation 		Touch-Typing on Interactive Tabletops
Studying and enabling expert touch-typing on touch surfaces with interactive machine learning.
[Show 4 publications]
  1. Findlater, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). From plastic to pixels: In search of touch-typing touchscreen keyboards. ACM Interactions 19 (3), pp. 44-49.
  2. Findlater, L., Lee, B.Q. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). Beyond Qwerty: Augmenting touch screen keyboards with multi-touch gestures for non-alphanumeric input. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '12). Austin, Texas (May 5-10, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2679-2682. Honorable Mention Paper.
  3. Findlater, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). Personalized input: Improving ten-finger touchscreen typing through automatic adaptation. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '12). Austin, Texas (May 5-10, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 815-824.
  4. Findlater, L., Wobbrock, J.O. and Wigdor, D. (2011). Typing on flat glass: Examining ten-finger expert typing patterns on touch surfaces. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2453-2462. Honorable Mention Paper.
Thumb editing text on a touch screen Text Entry Techiques and Studies
Inventing new text entry techniques and conducting formal scientific text entry studies.
[Show 11 publications]
  1. Zhang, M.R., Zhai, S. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2022). TypeAnywhere: A QWERTY-based text entry solution for ubiquitous computing. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '22). New Orleans, Louisiana (April 30-May 5, 2022). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 339.
  2. Zhang, M.R., Wen, H., Cui, W., Zhu, S., Schwartz, H.A., Bi, X. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2021). AI-driven intelligent text correction techniques for mobile text entry. Chapter 5 in Y. Li & O. Hilliges (eds.), Artificial Intelligence for Human Computer Interaction: A Modern Approach. Switzerland: Springer, pp. 131-168.
  3. Zhang, M.R., Wang, R., Xu, X., Li, Q., Sharif, A. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2021). Voicemoji: Emoji entry using voice for visually impaired people. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '21). Yokohama, Japan (May 8-13, 2021). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 37.
  4. Zhang, M.R., Mariakakis, A., Burke, J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2021). A comparative study of lexical and semantic emoji suggestion systems. Proceedings of iConference 2021. Beijing, China (March 17-31, 2021). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 12645. Switzerland: Springer, pp. 229-247.
  5. Cui, W., Zhu, S., Zhang, M.R., Schwartz, A., Wobbrock, J.O. and Bi, X. (2020). JustCorrect: Intelligent post hoc text correction techniques on smartphones. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '20). Minneapolis, Minnesota (October 20-23, 2020). New York: ACM Press, pp. 487-499.
  6. Zhang, M.R. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2020). Gedit: Keyboard gestures for mobile text editing. Proceedings of Graphics Interface (GI '20). Toronto, Ontario (May 28-29, 2020). Toronto, Ontario: Canadian Information Processing Society, pp. 470-473.
  7. Zhang, M.R., Wen, H. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2019). Type, then correct: Intelligent text correction techniques for mobile text entry using neural networks. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '19). New Orleans, Louisiana (October 20-23, 2019). New York: ACM Press, pp. 843-855.
  8. Ruan, S., Wobbrock, J.O., Liou, K., Ng, A. and Landay, J.A. (2017). Comparing speech and keyboard text entry for short messages in two languages on touchscreen phones. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 1 (4). Article No. 159.
  9. Mott, M.E., Williams, S., Wobbrock, J.O. and Morris, M.R. (2017). Improving dwell-based gaze typing with dynamic, cascading dwell times. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '17). Denver, Colorado (May 6-11, 2017). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2558-2570.
  10. Kane, S.K., Wobbrock, J.O., Harniss, M. and Johnson, K.L. (2008). TrueKeys: Identifying and correcting typing errors for people with motor impairments. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI '08). Maspalomas, Gran Canaria, Spain (January 13-16, 2008). New York: ACM Press, pp. 349-352.
  11. Kane, S.K. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2007). Automatically correcting typing errors for people with motor impairments. Adjunct Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '07). Newport, Rhode Island (October 7-10, 2007). New York: ACM Press, pp. 59-60.
Typing on a QWERTY keyboard Text Entry Metrics and Tools
Improving text entry evaluations with new metrics, analysis algorithms, and evaluation tools.
[Show 7 publications]
  1. Zhang, M.R. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2019). Beyond the input stream: Making text entry evaluations more flexible with transcription sequences. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '19). New Orleans, Louisiana (October 20-23, 2019). New York: ACM Press, pp. 831-842.
  2. Zhang, M.R., Zhai, S. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2019). Text entry throughput: Towards unifying speed and accuracy in a single performance metric. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '19). Glasgow, Scotland (May 4-9, 2019). New York: ACM Press. Paper No. 636.
  3. Evans, A.C. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). Taming wild behavior: The Input Observer for obtaining text entry and mouse pointing measures from everyday computer use. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '12). Austin, Texas (May 5-10, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1947-1956.
  4. Kristensson, P.O., Clawson, J., Dunlop, M., Isokoski, P., Roark, B., Vertanen, K., Waller, A. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). Designing and evaluating text entry methods. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '12). Austin, Texas (May 5-10, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2747-2750.
  5. Evans, A. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2011). Input Observer: Measuring text entry and pointing performance from naturalistic everyday computer use. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1879-1884.
  6. Wobbrock, J.O. (2007). Measures of text entry performance. Chapter 3 in I.S. MacKenzie & K. Tanaka-Ishii (eds.), Text Entry Systems: Mobility, Accessibility, Universality. San Francisco, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, pp. 47-74.
  7. Wobbrock, J.O. and Myers, B.A. (2006). Analyzing the input stream for character-level errors in unconstrained text entry evaluations. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 13 (4), pp. 458-489.
Bubble Lens High Performance Mouse Pointing
Speeding and making accessible the most common action we perform with desktop computers every day.
[Show 7 publications]
  1. Bigham, J.P., Lasecki, W.S. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2015). Target acquisition and the crowd actor. Human Computation 2 (2), pp. 135-154.
  2. Mott, M.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2014). Beating the bubble: Using kinematic triggering in the Bubble Lens for acquiring small, dense targets. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '14). Toronto, Ontario (April 26-May 1, 2014). New York: ACM Press, pp. 733-742.
  3. Pasqual, P.T. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2014). Mouse pointing endpoint prediction using kinematic template matching. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '14). Toronto, Ontario (April 26-May 1, 2014). New York: ACM Press, pp. 743-752.
  4. Wobbrock, J.O. (2014). Improving pointing in graphical user interfaces for people with motor impairments through ability-based design. Chapter 8 in G. Kouroupetroglou (ed.), Assistive Technologies and Computer Access for Motor Disabilities. Hershey, PA: IGI Global, pp. 206-253.
  5. Dixon, M., Fogarty, J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). A general-purpose target-aware pointing enhancement using pixel-level analysis of graphical interfaces. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '12). Austin, Texas (May 5-10, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 3167-3176.
  6. Jansen, A., Findlater, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2011). From the lab to the world: Lessons from extending a pointing technique for real-world use. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1867-1872.
  7. Wobbrock, J.O., Fogarty, J.A., Liu, S., Kimuro, S. and Harada, S. (2009). The Angle Mouse: Target-agnostic dynamic gain adjustment based on angular deviation. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '09). Boston, Massachusetts (April 4-9, 2009). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1401-1410.
Graph of the pointing error model Models and Tools for Measuring Pointing Performance
Developing predictive models for pointing errors, evaluating variations of models for measuring pointing performance, and creating tools for measuring pointing performance not only in the lab, but also "in the wild."
[Show 6 publications]
  1. Sharif, A., Pao, V., Reinecke, K. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2020). The reliability of Fitts's law as a movement model for people with and without limited fine motor function. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '20). Athens, Greece (October 26-28, 2020). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 16.
  2. Evans, A.C. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). Taming wild behavior: The Input Observer for obtaining text entry and mouse pointing measures from everyday computer use. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '12). Austin, Texas (May 5-10, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1947-1956.
  3. Evans, A. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2011). Input Observer: Measuring text entry and pointing performance from naturalistic everyday computer use. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1879-1884.
  4. Wobbrock, J.O., Jansen, A. and Shinohara, K. (2011). Modeling and predicting pointing errors in two dimensions. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1653-1656.
  5. Wobbrock, J.O., Shinohara, K. and Jansen, A. (2011). The effects of task dimensionality, endpoint deviation, throughput calculation, and experiment design on pointing measures and models. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1639-1648.
  6. Wobbrock, J.O., Cutrell, E., Harada, S. and MacKenzie, I.S. (2008). An error model for pointing based on Fitts' law. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '08). Florence, Italy (April 5-10, 2008). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1613-1622. Best Paper Winner.
Goal crossing with mouse Accessible Goal Crossing
Creating accessible desktop user interfaces based on goal crossing instead of pointing-and-clicking for people with motor impairments.
[Show 4 publications]
  1. Findlater, L., Jansen, A., Shinohara, K., Dixon, M., Kamb, P., Rakita, J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2010). Enhanced area cursors: Reducing fine-pointing demands for people with motor impairments. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '10). New York, NY (October 3-6, 2010). New York: ACM Press, pp. 153-162.
  2. Choe, E.K., Shinohara, K., Chilana, P.K., Dixon, M. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2009). Exploring the design of accessible goal crossing desktop widgets. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '09). Boston, Massachusetts (April 4-9, 2009). New York: ACM Press, pp. 3733-3738.
  3. Wobbrock, J.O. and Gajos, K.Z. (2008). Goal crossing with mice and trackballs for people with motor impairments: Performance, submovements, and design directions. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 1 (1). Article No. 4.
  4. Wobbrock, J.O. and Gajos, K.Z. (2007). A comparison of area pointing and goal crossing for people with and without motor impairments. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '07). Tempe, Arizona (October 15-17, 2007). New York: ACM Press, pp. 3-10.
Help interface Improving Web Usability with Contextual Help
Understaning web sites' challenges for users and creating systems to address those challenges. Resulted in the founding of AnswerDash.
[Show 10 publications]
  1. Chilana, P.K., Ko, A.J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2015). From user-centered to adoption-centered design: A case study of an HCI research innovation becoming a product. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '15). Seoul, Korea (April 18-23, 2015). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1749-1758. Best Paper Winner.
  2. Chilana, P.K., Ko, A.J., Wobbrock, J.O. and Grossman, T. (2013). A multi-site field study of crowdsourced contextual help: Usage and perspectives of end-users and software teams. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '13). Paris, France (April 27-May 2, 2013). New York: ACM Press, pp. 217-226.
  3. Chilana, P.K., Ko, A.J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). Crowdsourced Q&A-based contextual help for web applications: Challenges and opportunities. Workshop on "Social Media Question Asking." ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (CSCW '13). San Antonio, Texas (February 23-27, 2013).
  4. Chilana, P.K., Ko, A.J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). LemonAid: Selection-based crowdsourced contextual help for web applications. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '12). Austin, Texas (May 5-10, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1549-1558.
  5. Chilana, P.K., Ko, A.J., Wobbrock, J.O., Grossman, T. and Fitzmaurice, G. (2011). Post-deployment usability: A survey of current practices. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2243-2246.
  6. Chilana, P.K., Ko, A.J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2011). Using crowdsourcing in the design of context-sensitive help for web applications. Workshop on "Crowdsourcing and Human Computation." ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011).
  7. Ko, A.J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2010). Cleanroom: Edit-time error detection with the uniqueness heuristic. Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC '10). Madrid, Spain (September 21-25, 2010). Washington, D.C.: IEEE Computer Society, pp. 7-14. Best Paper Winner.
  8. Chilana, P.K., Ko, A.J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2010). Understanding expressions of unwanted behaviors in open bug reporting. Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC '10). Madrid, Spain (September 21-25, 2010). Washington, D.C.: IEEE Computer Society, pp. 203-206.
  9. Chilana, P.K., Wobbrock, J.O. and Ko, A.J. (2010). Understanding usability practices in complex domains. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '10). Atlanta, Georgia (April 10-15, 2010). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2337-2346.
  10. Chilana, P.K., Ko, A.J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2009). Designing software for unfamiliar domains. Workshop on Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering (CHASE '09). In Companion of the International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE '09). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 17, 2009). Washington, D.C.: IEEE Computer Society, p. 22.
Bipolar bear Peer-Based Support for Mental Health
Understanding and creating tools for networked peer-to-peer mental health support.
[Show 3 publications]
  1. O'Leary, K., Schueller, S., Wobbrock, J.O. and Pratt, W. (2018). "Suddenly, we got to become therapists for each other": Designing peer support chats for mental health. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '18). Montreal, Quebec (April 21-26, 2018). New York: ACM Press. Paper No. 331. Honorable Mention Paper.
  2. O'Leary, K., Bhattacharya, A., Munson, S., Wobbrock, J.O. and Pratt, W. (2017). Design opportunities for mental health peer support technologies. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (CSCW '17). Portland, Oregon (February 25-March 1, 2017). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1470-1484.
  3. O'Leary, K., Dixon, M., Toomim, M., Wobbrock, J.O. and Pratt, W. (2016). Peer-to-peer psychotherapy tools. Proceedings of the International Society for Research on Internet Interventions Scientific Meeting (ISRII '16). Seattle, Washington (April 7-9, 2016). Poster No. P3.41.
HCI-Q HCI-Q: Using Q-Methodology in HCI
Promoting the application and adaptation of Q-methodology for research and design in HCI, especially for technologies for which productivity may be secondary to matters of meaning and personal significance.
[Show 1 publication]
  1. O'Leary, K., Wobbrock, J.O. and Riskin, E.A. (2013). Q-methodology as a research and design tool for HCI. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '13). Paris, France (April 27-May 2, 2013). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1941-1950.
TapSongs TapSongs: Rhythm-Based Password Entry
Devising a user authentication method that uses a single sensor tapped according to a song rhythm. Useful for logging into devices that have no space for keyboards or gestures.
[Show 1 publication]
  1. Wobbrock, J.O. (2009). TapSongs: Tapping rhythm-based passwords on a single binary sensor. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '09). Victoria, British Columbia (October 4-7, 2009). New York: ACM Press, pp. 93-96.
EyeWrite text entry software for the eyes EyeWrite
Enables gesture-based writing with the eyes by utilizing an adaptation of the EdgeWrite unistroke alphabet.
[Show 2 publications]
  1. Wobbrock, J.O., Rubinstein, J., Sawyer, M.W. and Duchowski, A.T. (2008). Longitudinal evaluation of discrete consecutive gaze gestures for text entry. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications (ETRA '08). Savannah, Georgia (March 26-28, 2008). New York: ACM Press, pp. 11-18.
  2. Wobbrock, J.O., Rubinstein, J., Sawyer, M. and Duchowski, A.T. (2007). Not typing but writing: Eye-based text entry using letter-like gestures. Proceedings of the Annual Conference on Communication by Gaze Interaction (COGAIN '07). Leicester, England (September 3-4, 2007). Frederiksberg, Denmark: The COGAIN Association, pp. 61-64.
EdgeWrite for Palm OS EdgeWrite
EdgeWrite makes text entry possible on almost any device through a simple, versatile, reusable design that uses letter-like gestures performed within a square. EdgeWrite was originally designed as an accessible technology for improving text entry on Palm PDAs, but has versions on trackballs, joysticks, touchpads, capacitive sensors, four keys, and more. Innovations include continuous recognition feedback, non-recognition retry, slip detection, a four-way scroll ring, and in-stroke word completion, among others. For more, visit http://depts.washington.edu/ewrite/.