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October 21, 2020
Nutritional Risk and Therapy for Severe and Critical COVID-19 Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Observational Study
Among a cohort of 523 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from January 2 to February 15, 2020 in China, malnutrition was associated with higher risk of in-hospital death (OR=1.2) and higher risk of poor outcome in the ICU (OR=1.9). After adjustment for age and sex, low BMI and low protein level were also significantly associated with…
Factors Associated With US Adults’ Likelihood of Accepting COVID-19 Vaccination
A survey conducted in July, 2020 among a convenience sample of 1,971 US adults reported that preferences related to a hypothetical COVID-19 vaccine were associated with vaccine attributes (e.g., vaccine efficacy, adverse effects, and protection duration) and political factors (e.g., US FDA approval process, national origin of vaccine, and endorsements). Willingness to receive a vaccination…
Seroprevalence of Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 Antibodies in COVID‐19 Patients and Healthy Volunteers up to Six Months Post Disease Onset
A study among patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR reported an increase in the detection of antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) and spike protein using ELISA rapidly during the acute phase after infection, with a peak in detection around week 3. The detection of IgG antibodies remained robust, with confirmed…
Characteristics and Outcomes of Clinically Diagnosed RT-PCR Swab Negative COVID-19 a Retrospective Cohort Study
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Among 456 patients with clinical suspicion of COVID-19 and an initial negative PCR result for SARS-COV-2 by nasopharyngeal swab (March 1 to April 12, 2020), 94 (20%) were later confirmed as clinical COVID-19 cases. Among these, 47 (50%) tested positive with repeat PCR testing and 41 (44%) continued to have negative PCR…
Multiplex Rt-Real Time PCR Assays for Diagnostic Testing of SARS-CoV-2 and Seasonal Influenza Viruses
A multiplex RT-PCR assay was able to detect and discriminate between samples that were positive for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza and was able to detect co-infections. The authors suggest that the assay may be used for diagnostic and surveillance purposes during the seasonal influenza activity period. Mancini et al. (Oct 20, 2020). Multiplex Rt-Real Time PCR…
Quantitative Assessment of Olfactory Dysfunction Accurately Detects Asymptomatic COVID-19 Carriers
A novel design of an olfactory-action meter, which measures how well a person smells odors, found that 82% of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers (n=34) had olfactory deficits, compared to 13% of health volunteers. By comparison, only 15% of asymptomatic carriers had olfactory deficits detected by subjective evaluation. This method evaluated a combination of olfactory detection abilities…
The Effect of Prior ACEI/ARB Treatment on COVID-19 Susceptibility and Outcome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
A systematic review and meta-analysis (49 studies) reported no association between treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and/or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (adjusted OR=1.00, 95%CI 0.94-1.05). The use of ACEI/ARB was also not associated with the risk of mortality (aOR=0.87, 95%CI 0.66-1.04) and severe outcomes (aOR=0.95, 95%CI 0.73-1.24). These findings…
October 20, 2020
A Case-Control and Cohort Study to Determine the Relationship between Ethnic Background and Severe COVID-19
A case-control study determined that Black and multiracial people were three times as likely to be admitted to a hospital for COVID-19 treatment when compared to white people living in the same neighborhoods in London. Cases were defined as patients admitted to the hospital for COVID-19 and controls were drawn from an administrative database in…
Estimating the Infection-Fatality Risk of SARS-CoV-2 in New York City during the Spring 2020 Pandemic Wave: A Model-Based Analysis
A model-based analysis of the SAS-CoV-2 infection rate in New York City from March to June found an estimated overall infection fatality risk (IFR) of 1.4%. Stratified by age, overall IFR for those with ages 25-44, 45-64, 65-74, and 75+ years were 0.1%, 0.9%, 4.9%, and 14.2%, respectively. The peak weekly IFR for adults ages…
Excess Deaths Associated with COVID-19, by Age and Race and Ethnicity — United States, January 26–October 3, 2020
Two out of three excess deaths in the United States during the period of January through October were attributed to COVID-19. An estimated 299,028 excess deaths occurred and there were two peaks of deaths, occurring during the weeks ending April 11 and August 8. Adults aged 25-44 years and Hispanic/Latino persons saw the largest percentage…
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