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April 2, 2021
An Investigation into the Rates of Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 during the First 6 Weeks of the 2020–2021 Academic Year in Primary and Post-Primary Schools in Cork and Kerry, Ireland
The overall incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in-school transmission was 4% during the first 6 weeks of the 2020-2021 academic year in primary and post-primary schools located in Cork and Kerry counties in southwest Ireland, according to government health records. Positivity among students and staff were 3% and 7%, respectively. For roughly every week spent by an…
Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment for Airborne Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 via Breathing, Speaking, Singing, Coughing, and Sneezing
Risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission via aerosols beyond 1.5 meters can be low depending on the activity by which they are expelled, according to a risk assessment model using published data on expelled droplets by various activities and in vitro estimates of an infectious dose. In a 100m3 room after 20 minutes of exposure from breathing,…
The Impact of the Non-Essential Business Closure Policy on Covid-19 Infection Rates
Workers designated as having essential jobs had an estimated 55% higher likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to those with non-essential jobs in Pennsylvania from February to June 2020, according to a difference-in-differences model based on medical claims data. Household transmission was also estimated to be higher among essential workers. Dependents and roommates cohabiting with an…
Rapid Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in a State Prison After Introduction by Newly Transferred Incarcerated Persons — Wisconsin, August 14–October 22, 2020
In a Wisconsin state medium-security prison, 79% of the incarcerated population and 3% of staff members contracted SARS-CoV-2 in a span of 8 weeks after the prison received six newly transferred persons who were not identified to be SARS-CoV-2 positive at the time of intake. On August 13 the transferred persons were quarantined with other…
April 1, 2021
Risk Factors Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Infections, Hospitalization, and Mortality Among US Nursing Home Residents
Individual-level factors were more likely to be associated with risk of SARS-CoV-2-related hospitalization and death than risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In a retrospective longitudinal cohort study of over 482,000 long-stay nursing home residents, risk of hospitalization was associated with BMI >45; male sex; Hispanic, Black, or Asian race/ethnicity; comorbidities; and older age (>90 years). In…
Death Certificate–Based ICD-10 Diagnosis Codes for COVID-19 Mortality Surveillance — United States, January–December 2020
The number of US death certificates from 2020 listing COVID-19 and at least one other co-occurring diagnosis were consistent with the number of deaths attributable to COVID-19 in 2020 (approximately 375,000) reported to the CDC’s National Vital Statistics System (NVSS). Among 378,048 death certificates including the ICD-10 code for COVID-19, 5.5% (20,915) only listed that…
COVID-19 Case Surveillance: Trends in Person-Level Case Data Completeness, United States, April 5-September 30, 2020
National COVID-19 case surveillance data received by the CDC from April to September 2020 represented only 73% (~5 of 6.9 million) of the absolute number of cases and 72% of the absolute number of deaths (~142,000 of 198,000), as of November 2020. Completeness of case surveillance records was highest for age and sex (>98%), but…
Simulation-Based Estimation of SARS-CoV-2 Infections Associated With School Closures and Community-Based Nonpharmaceutical Interventions in Ontario, Canada
An agent-based transmission model calibrated to the population and COVID-19 case numbers observed in Ontario, Canada suggests that changes in case numbers associated with school reopenings were relatively small compared with the changes associated with non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). Among 1 million simulated individuals from September to October 2020, incident COVID-19 cases without community-based NPIs were…
Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 in a Non-Hospitalized Cohort Results from the Arizona CoVHORT
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] 69% of non-hospitalized individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Arizona (n=303) experienced post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC, experiencing at least one symptom for ≥30 days). In a subset of the cohort (n=157) followed for >60 days, prevalence of PASC was 77%. Participants were followed for a median of 61 days; during follow-up,…
Post-Covid Syndrome in Individuals Admitted to Hospital with Covid-19: Retrospective Cohort Study
Individuals discharged following hospitalization for COVID-19 were 4 and 8 times more likely to be readmitted and to die compared to controls matched for personal and clinical characteristics. In this retrospective cohort study, 47,780 patients with COVID-19 discharged by August 2020 were matched to a pool of about 50 million people in England. Nearly a…
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