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Tag: clinical characteristics
September 10, 2020
Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes in a Multicenter Registry of Patients with HIV and Coronavirus Disease-19
• Dandachi et al. found that the severe clinical outcomes of ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, and death occurred commonly in patients with both HIV and COVID-19 (n=286) enrolled from inpatient and outpatient health facilities in the US and three international sites. The risk for poor outcomes was higher in older patients, those with comorbidities (chronic lung…
September 9, 2020
Ratios of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Predict All-Cause Mortality in Inpatients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Retrospective Cohort Study in A Single Medical Center
• A study among 131 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China (median age 64, IQR 56-71) found that the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) at admission was higher (13.9 vs. 2.0) among non-survivors (n=12) when compared to survivors (n=111). The using a NLR of 3.39 or higher was had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity…
Acute Kidney Injury and Kidney Replacement Therapy in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
• A meta-analysis of 142 studies (49,048 hospitalized COVID-19 patients) reported a pooled incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) of 29% (95%CI 20%-40%) in the US and Europe (20 studies) and 6% (95%CI 4%-7%) in China (62 studies). Overall AKI was associated with 4.6-fold increased mortality. Fu et al. (Sept 2, 2020). Acute Kidney Injury…
Comparison of Clinical Features of COVID-19 vs Seasonal Influenza A and B in US Children. JAMA Network Open
• US children with COVID-19 or seasonal influenza had similar rates of hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, and mechanical ventilator use. Song et al. found that among 315 children with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and 1,402 children with laboratory-confirmed influenza A or B there was no difference in the level of hospitalization (17% vs 21%), intensive care…
Clinical Outcomes in Young US Adults Hospitalized With COVID-19
Young adults age 18 to 34 years who were hospitalized with COVID-19 in the US (n=3,222) experienced substantial rates of adverse outcomes, including 21% who required intensive care, 10% who required mechanical ventilation, and 3% who died. Morbid obesity, hypertension, and diabetes were common among hospitalized young adults with COVID-19 and were associated with 1.5…
Ultra-Sensitive Serial Profiling of SARS-CoV-2 Antigens and Antibodies in Plasma to Understand Disease Progression in COVID-19 Patients with Severe Disease
• An ultra-sensitive assay can detect SARS-CoV-2 S1 subunit and nucleocapsid antigens in plasma and saliva of COVID-19 patients, with higher concentrations associated with ICU admission and intubation within one day. The authors state that while these antigens have been detected previously in nasopharyngeal swab specimens, this is the first report of their detection in…
September 4, 2020
SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies, Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers and Clinical Severity of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients
The level of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies was highly correlated (r=0.82) with the concentration of IgG antibodies in the sera of 51 hospitalized COVID-19 patients. However, the level of neutralizing antibody responses was not associated with disease severity or inflammatory biomarkers. Gozalbo-Rovira et al. (Sept 1, 2020). SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies, Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers and Clinical Severity of…
Risk Factors for COVID-19 Death in a Population Cohort Study from the Western Cape Province, South Africa
HIV and tuberculosis were each associated with increased risk of COVID-19 mortality in a population cohort study in South Africa (n=3,460,932) that included 625 deaths due to COVID-19. In models adjusted for age, sex, and comorbidities, the HIV-associated risk was 2.1 (95% CI 1.7-2.7), compared to 2.7 (95% CI 1.8-4.0) for current tuberculosis and 1.5…
Association of Vitamin D Status and Other Clinical Characteristics With COVID-19 Test Results
Patients classified as having a likely deficient vitamin D level were more likely to test positive for COVID-19 than patients with sufficient vitamin D levels (RR=1.77, 95%CI: 1.12-2.81). [EDITORIAL NOTE: A summary of a pre-print version of this manuscript appeared in the Lit Rep on May 13] Meltzer et al. (Sept 3, 2020). Association of…
Cytokine Levels in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 and Other Conditions
Cytokine levels among patients critically ill with COVID-19 were lower or not significantly different from levels among patients with other critical illnesses, including bacterial septic shock, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, and multiple traumas. In particular, levels of all 3 cytokines tested (tumor necrosis factor, IL-6, and IL-8) were significantly lower in patients with COVID-19 than in…
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