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Tag: clinical characteristics
September 2, 2020
Nasopharyngeal Viral Load Predicts Hypoxemia and Disease Outcome in Admitted COVID-19 Patients. Critical Care
Initial SARS-CoV-2 viral load in nasopharyngeal samples was significantly higher among hospitalized patients who required mechanical ventilation and/or subsequently died (n=21) compared to non-mechanically ventilated patients who survived (n=149). Initial SARS-CoV-2 viral load has negatively associated with the lowest level of blood oxygen saturation recorded during hospitalization, but was not associated with other clinical parameters…
August 28, 2020
Clinical Characteristics and Viral RNA Detection in Children with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the Republic of Korea
Han et al. report a case series of children (age <19 years; n=91) with SARS-CoV-2 across 20 hospitals and 2 isolation facilities across Korea (mid-February to March) and found that 22% of children were asymptomatic. Only 9% of symptomatic cases were diagnosed at the time of symptom onset, while among those with symptoms, 66% had…
Clinical Characteristics of Children and Young People Admitted to Hospital with Covid-19 in United Kingdom: Prospective Multicentre Observational Cohort Study
A prospective observational cohort study in the UK of children and young adults (n=651, median age=4.6, IQR 0.3-13.7) found that 52/456 (11%) participants met the WHO case definition for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents temporally related to COVID-19 (MIS-C). Children who met criteria for MIS-C were older than children who did not (median…
August 27, 2020
Clinical Features of Neonates Born to Mothers with Coronavirus Disease-2019: A Systematic Review of 105 Neonates
A systematic review of 14 studies involving 105 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 found that most had favorable outcomes. Overall, 25 infants (24%) were delivered preterm, 10 (11%) were small for gestational age (SGA), and 28 (27%) had COVID-19 symptoms. Among 91 neonates who were tested for SARS-CoV-2, 8 (9%) were positive. COVID-19 symptoms…
Ocular Manifestations and Clinical Characteristics of Children With Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
Ocular manifestations were observed in 49 of 216 (23%) pediatric patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in Wuhan, China (median age 7, IQR 3-12), of whom 9 had ocular complaints as the initial manifestations of COVID-19. These included conjunctival discharge (55%), eye rubbing (39%), and conjunctival congestion (10%). Ocular symptoms were more common in children with systemic…
August 26, 2020
Antibody Responses and Clinical Outcomes in Adults Hospitalized with Severe COVID-19: A Post Hoc Analysis of LOTUS China Trial
Patients with severe COVID-19 (n=191) enrolled in the LOTUS China trial testing lopinavir for suppression of SARS-CoV-2 nearly all (>90%) developed IgM and IgG antibodies against nucleocapsid (N), spike protein (S), and the receptor-binding domain (RBD), and also produced neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), but these did not correlate clearly with clinical outcomes. The levels of IgG…
An Inflammatory Cytokine Signature Predicts COVID-19 Severity and Survival
Measurement of inflammatory markers among hospitalized COVID-19 patients (n=1,484) found that high serum IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels at the time of hospitalization were strong and independent predictors of patient survival. IL-6 and TNF-α serum levels remained significant predictors of disease severity and death after adjustment for disease severity, common laboratory inflammation markers, hypoxia and…
Sex Differences in Immune Responses That Underlie COVID-19 Disease Outcomes
Takahashi et al. found immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection differ by sex, suggesting potential factors that contribute to observed sex-based disparities in COVID-19. Among patients with moderate disease who had not received immunomodulatory medications (n=98), male patients had higher plasma levels of innate immune cytokines (e.g., IL-8 and IL-18), along with more robust induction of…
Post-Discharge Persistent Symptoms and Health-Related Quality of Life after Hospitalization for COVID-19
In a single-center study assessing post-discharge persistent symptoms and health-related quality of life of COVID-19 patients (n=279), most patients still had persistent symptoms 110 days after being discharged, especially fatigue (55%) and shortness of breath (42%). Twenty percent of patients, primarily women, reported significant hair loss. Among the participants who were actively working prior to…
August 25, 2020
Follow-up Study of the Pulmonary Function and Related Physiological Characteristics of COVID-19 Survivors Three Months after Recovery
Zhao et al. evaluated COVID-19 survivors (n=55) three months after hospital discharge, none of whom had required mechanical ventilation, and found pulmonary function abnormalities in 14 (25%) despite a lower prevalence of respiratory symptoms (shortness of breath with exertion 15%, cough, and sputum 2%). Thirty-nine participants (71%) had pulmonary abnormalities visible on high-resolution computed tomography….
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