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Tag: clinical characteristics
April 9, 2021
The Incubation Period during the Pandemic of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
A systematic review (42 studies) and meta-analysis (11 studies) estimated a pooled mean incubation period for COVID-19 of 6.2 days. The authors note that many studies estimated a 95th percentile for incubation periods of up to 16 days, which they suggest may indicate that longer incubation periods should be considered when recommending quarantine and isolation…
April 8, 2021
Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Receiving Renin Angiotensin System Blockers and Calcium Channel Blockers
Anti-hypertensive medications, including angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), and calcium channel blockers (CCB), were not associated with mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in a retrospective cohort study (n=841). However, use of ACEI/ARB and ACEI/ARB combined with CCB were associated with a 42% and 45% lower risk of ICU admission, respectively. Among…
April 7, 2021
Racial and Ethnic Differences and Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department
A cohort study of 87 US health systems from December 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020 found that nearly half (41%) of patients presenting to the ED with COVID-19 were hospitalized. The study found that the risk of in-hospital mortality was higher in Black (RR=1.18) and Hispanic patients (RR=1.28) compared to white patients, while the…
Association of HIV with COVID-19 Outcomes Among Hospitalized Adults
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Among adults hospitalized with COVID-19 (n = 21,528), after adjusting for age, sex, race, and insurance, HIV was not associated with in-hospital mortality (aOR = 1.13). HIV was also not associated with major adverse cardiac events (aOR = 0.99), severity of illness (aOR = 0.96), or length of stay (aOR = 1.03)….
April 6, 2021
Incidence of 30-Day Venous Thromboembolism in Adults Tested for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in an Integrated Health Care System in Northern California
The 30-day incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals was not significantly increased compared to negative individuals in an outpatient setting (1.8 vs 2.2 cases per 1000) and in a post-hospitalization setting (1.0 vs 1.1 case per 1000) in a retrospective cohort study in Northern California (n=220,588) from February to August 2020. A significant…
The Contrasting Role of Nasopharyngeal Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) Transcription in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study of People Tested for COVID-19 in British Columbia, Canada
In a cross-sectional study (n=424) of age and sex-matched SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative participants, mean relative expression of both the transmembrane and soluble isoforms of ACE2 was higher in negative participants despite ACE2 serving as the host receptor for SARS-CoV-2 cell entry. When analyzed together and adjusting for other factors, expression of transmembrane ACE2 was…
Trends in Geographic and Temporal Distribution of US Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Peaks in the incidence of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) occurred 2-5 weeks after peaks in the incidence of COVID-19 and clinical manifestations of MIS-C varied by age. These findings were based on a cross-sectional study of 1,733 patients with MIS-C in the United States. Children age 0-4 had the lowest proportion of severe…
April 2, 2021
COVID-19 in Individuals with Sickle Cell Disease/Trait Compared with Other Black Individuals
Persons diagnosed with COVID-19 and sickle cell disease (SCD) (n=312) were 2-times as likely to be hospitalized and develop pneumonia and 3-times as likely to develop pain compared to a propensity matched cohort of Black persons diagnosed with COVID-19 but without SCD or sickle cell trait (SCT). No significant differences were observed in case mortality…
April 1, 2021
Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 in a Non-Hospitalized Cohort Results from the Arizona CoVHORT
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] 69% of non-hospitalized individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Arizona (n=303) experienced post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC, experiencing at least one symptom for ≥30 days). In a subset of the cohort (n=157) followed for >60 days, prevalence of PASC was 77%. Participants were followed for a median of 61 days; during follow-up,…
Post-Covid Syndrome in Individuals Admitted to Hospital with Covid-19: Retrospective Cohort Study
Individuals discharged following hospitalization for COVID-19 were 4 and 8 times more likely to be readmitted and to die compared to controls matched for personal and clinical characteristics. In this retrospective cohort study, 47,780 patients with COVID-19 discharged by August 2020 were matched to a pool of about 50 million people in England. Nearly a…
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