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Tag: transmission
February 11, 2021
Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 RNA, Antibodies, and Neutralizing Capacity in Milk Produced by Women with COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2 RNA was not detected by RT-qPCR in breast milk samples (n=37) collected from 18 women following COVID-19 diagnosis. Breast milk was collected on average 12.0 +/- 8.9 days after onset of signs and/or symptoms. In contrast, 76% and 80% of samples contained anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA and IgG, respectively, and 62% of samples neutralized SARS-CoV-2 in…
February 10, 2021
SARS-CoV-2 Setting-Specific Transmission Rates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
A systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that the highest SARS-CoV-2 transmission rates were within households, with a pooled secondary attack rate (SAR) of 21%. SARs were significantly higher when the duration of household exposure was longer than 5 days. SARs for contacts with family and friends were higher than those for low-risk casual contacts (6%…
February 9, 2021
Emergence of an Early SARS-CoV-2 Epidemic in the United States
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Genome sequencing combined with epidemiological and mobility data suggest show that SARS-COV-2 was likely introduced in Louisiana from a single source via domestic travel and was being locally spread prior to the Mardi Gras celebrations in February 2020. However, further evidence suggests that Mardi Gras was likely a superspreading event, based on…
February 8, 2021
SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Risk from Sports Equipment (STRIKE)
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A study investigating the potential of shared sporting equipment transmission vectors of SARS-CoV-2 during the reintroduction of sports found that it was unlikely that equipment is a major route of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Ten different types of equipment were inoculated with 40μl droplets containing clinically relevant high and low concentrations of live SARS-CoV-2…
Incubation Period of COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis
A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies (n = 99) published through January 10, 2021 concluded that the average incubation period for SARS-CoV-2 was 6.4 days, with a range of 2.3 to 17.6 days. 23 cohort studies, 61 case series, and 15 modeling studies were included, most of which reported data from patients with SARS-CoV-2…
COVID-19 Transmission in Educational Institutions August to December 2020 Rhineland-Palatinate Germany a Study of Index Cases and Close Contact Cohorts
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A study of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in schools and daycare centers in Germany from August-December 2020 showed that the risk of infection among contacts of a confirmed COVID-19 case was low but varied depending on type of educational institution and whether the case was a teacher or student/child. Out of 784 index cases,…
February 5, 2021
Estimated seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among adults in Orange County, California
Results from a SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence survey (July 10 to August 16, 2020, n=2979) from a socioeconomically and demographically diverse population of adults in Orange County, California found a seroprevalence of approximately 12 percent. Antibody testing was conducted using a highly specific and sensitive CoVAM microarray. This SARS-CoV-2 point seroprevalence among adults for July to August…
February 4, 2021
ARS-CoV-2 Transmission from the Healthcare Setting into the Home a Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] In cohort study in England (n=633), seroprevalence for antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was higher among healthcare workers (HCWs) than the general population (18% vs 7%). Longitudinal analysis showed that seroprevalence for all immunoglobins declined over time, from overall positivity of 17% to 7% within 3 months. Seroprevalence was similar between household contacts…
Mechanistic Transmission Modeling of COVID-19 on the Diamond Princess Cruise Ship Demonstrates the Importance of Aerosol Transmission
An iterative modeling study simulating the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak on the Diamond Princess cruise ship suggests that airborne transmission via larger respiratory droplets and smaller aerosols likely accounted for over half of disease transmission. From 132 out of over 20,000 model iterations that fit the epidemiological progression of the outbreak within acceptability criteria, the mean estimates…
February 3, 2021
Age Groups That Sustain Resurging COVID-19 Epidemics in the United States
As of October 2020, SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the US was estimated to be largely driven by individuals between 20-49 years of age, with at least 65 of every 100 infections originating from this age group. Using cell phone mobility data to reconstruct contact patterns, a Bayesian contact-and-infection model was used to analyze age-specific mobility trends…
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