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Tag: transmission
September 29, 2020
Multiple COVID-19 Clusters on a University Campus — North Carolina, August 2020
Within 2 weeks of opening the campus to students (Aug 3 – Aug 25), a North Carolina university experienced 670 COVID-19 cases. Preliminary investigations suggest student gatherings and congregate living settings, both on and off campus, likely contributed to the rapid spread of COVID-19 on campus. The authors state that measures to reduce transmission on…
September 28, 2020
Speech Can Produce Jet-like Transport Relevant to Asymptomatic Spreading of Virus
The act of speaking, particularly during a conversation, can create air currents that can transport exhaled breath in a directed pattern out to 2 meters (6 feet), and potentially further, during a 30 second conversation. Abkarian et al. (Sept 25, 2020). Speech Can Produce Jet-like Transport Relevant to Asymptomatic Spreading of Virus. Proceedings of the…
September 25, 2020
Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Children and Adolescents Compared With Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
A systematic review and meta-analysis (32 studies with 41,640 children and adolescents and 268,945 adults) found that children and adolescents younger than 20 years had 44% lower odds of becoming infected with SARS-CoV-2 after potential exposure to an index case (secondary attack rate) compared to adults 20 years and older. Data were insufficient to conclude…
September 23, 2020
Humoral Response to SARS-CoV-2 by Healthy and Sick Dogs during COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] SARS-CoV-2 was not found in samples tested by RT-PCR from dogs presenting with pneumonia (n=40) nor among healthy dogs living in households with a COVID-19 case (n=20) in Spain (April to June 2020). Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were identified in 1 of 17 (6%) sick dogs that did not come from a COVID-19…
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Significantly Varies with Age: Preliminary Results from a Mass Population Screening
A cohort study including 509 people in Milan, Italy found an IgG seroprevalence for SARS-CoV-2 was 23% and was positively associated with increasing age. The authors note that the lower seroprevalence among children could be due to lower exposure to the infection among school age children because schools were among the first institutions to be…
Empirical Transmission Advantage of the D614G Mutant Strain of SARS-CoV-2
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] The SARS-CoV-2 lineage carrying the amino acid change D614G has become the dominant variant in the global COVID-19 pandemic. A study using epidemiological data and phylogenetic data (35,377 sequences) estimated that the G614 mutant of SARS-CoV-2 is 31% more transmissible than the D614 wildtype. Leung et al. (Sept 23, 2020). Empirical Transmission…
Occurrence and Transmission Potential of Asymptomatic and Presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections: A Living Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
A meta-analysis of 94 studies reported that 20% of people who become infected with SARS-CoV-2 remain asymptomatic throughout the infection. The meta-analytic estimate showed a non-significantly lower secondary attack rate in contacts of people with asymptomatic infection compared to those with symptomatic infection (RR=0.35, 95%CI 0.10-1.27). The authors conclude that a combination of prevention measures,…
Changing Age Distribution of the COVID-19 Pandemic — United States, May–August 2020
There was a shift in the age distribution of people affected by COVID-19 in the US between the period of January-May and June-August 2020, with a larger proportion of younger age groups affected in the later period. The authors conclude that this report provides preliminary evidence that younger adults contributed to community transmission of SARS-CoV-2…
Risk of Covid-19 Acquisition among Emergency Department Patients: A Retrospective Case Control Study. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology
Spending time in an emergency department (ED) at the same time as someone with COVID-19 did not appear to increase the risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection. These findings are based on a case-control study across 39 EDs in the western US including 102 cases who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 following an ED encounter unrelated to…
September 22, 2020
COVID-19 Contact Tracing in Two Counties — North Carolina, June–July 2020
During periods of high COVID-19 incidence in two counties in North Carolina, many people with COVID-19 did not report any contacts, many contacts were not reached, and the typical time needed to notify contacts likely reduced the impact of contact tracing as a mitigation strategy. In one county, 48% of COVID-19 patients reported no contacts,…
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