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Tag: vaccines
January 20, 2021
MRNA Vaccine-Elicited Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and Circulating Variants
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Among 20 volunteers who received either the Moderna (mRNA-1273) or Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) vaccines, high levels of antibody titers were observed 8 weeks after the second vaccine injection, with neutralizing activity and relative numbers of receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific memory B cells equivalent to those of individuals who recovered from natural infection. Activity…
January 19, 2021
Black-White Disparities in 2009 H1N1 Vaccination among Adults in the United States: A Cautionary Tale for the COVID-19 Pandemic
National US survey data (n=45,000) show disparities in beliefs about the safety and efficacy of the H1N1 influenza vaccine across sex and race, which the authors suggest could be relevant for the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. While H1N1 vaccine uptake was low across groups, Black respondents were more likely than white respondents to express safety…
January 14, 2021
Interim Results of a Phase 1–2a Trial of Ad26.COV2.S Covid-19 Vaccine
Interim results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1-2a trial of the Johnson & Johnson adenovirus vector vaccine Ad26.COV2.S (n=805) showed acceptable safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity profiles across age and dose groups. Participants included in the interim analysis were split between “cohort 1” (n=402, age 18-55 years), which received two doses 56 days apart, and…
January 13, 2021
Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Socio-Demographics Co-Morbidity and Past Racial Discrimination
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A cross-sectional online survey of US adults (n=2,650) conducted between Dec 13 and 23, 2020 found that respondents who reported experiences of racial discrimination had 21% increased odds of higher vaccine hesitancy compared to those who did not report such experience. Vaccine hesitancy was measured using a scale ranging from 1 (low…
January 8, 2021
Misinformation about COVID-19: Evidence for Differential Latent Profiles and a Strong Association with Trust in Science
Agley et al. found that believing misinformation about SARS-CoV-2 may not keep people from simultaneously believing in the scientifically accepted explanation for the novel virus’s origins. Among a sample of 660 US-based users of Mechanical Turk (MTurk), 70% of people believed the scientific consensus about the virus originating in animals and rejected related conspiracy theories….
Neutralization of N501Y Mutant SARS-CoV-2 by BNT162b2 Vaccine-Elicited Sera
[pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Sera from people vaccinated with the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2) (n=20) had equivalent neutralizing antibody titers to the SARS-CoV-2 strain on which the vaccine was based and a laboratory-developed SARS-CoV-2 strain carrying a N501Y substitution, which is one of the mutations associated with rapidly spreading variants in the United Kingdom and South…
January 7, 2021
Continued Need for Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions after COVID-19 Vaccination in Long-Term-Care Facilities
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] In a model parametrized to long-term care facility populations, high vaccination coverage among staff combined with strong adherence to nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) produced the least morbidity and mortality, even among unvaccinated residents. However, in scenarios where adherence to NPIs was waning or low, vaccination among residents had a stronger impact on…
January 6, 2021
Allergic Reactions Including Anaphylaxis After Receipt of the First Dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine — United States, December 14 – 23, 2020
Monitoring by the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System detected 21 cases of anaphylaxis after administration of 1,893,360 first doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine (11.1 cases per million doses); 71% of these occurred within 15 minutes of vaccination. 17 of 21 anaphylaxis episodes were among persons with a documented history of allergies or allergic reactions,…
Optimizing Vaccine Allocation for COVID-19 Vaccines Critical Role of Single-Dose Vaccination
[Pre-print, not-peer reviewed] Utilizing an age-stratified mathematical model, a study of vaccine allocation strategy suggested that maintaining current social distancing interventions and speedy vaccine deployment were important, and the optimal allocation of vaccine depends on the single-dose efficacy (SDE). If SDE is high, single-dose vaccination would be the optimal use of vaccine under most scenarios…
A Method for Prioritizing Risk Groups for Early SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination, By the Numbers
[Pre-print, not-peer reviewed] A logistic regression model to predict COVID-19 case and death risk by age, race, and sex found that if the 17 demographic groups at highest risk of death from COVID-19 were prioritized for vaccination, it would require only 3.7% of the vaccine supply needed to vaccinate all the United States, and yet…
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