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Tag: vaccines
May 12, 2021
Antibody Responses After a Single Dose of ChAdOx1 NCoV-19 Vaccine in Healthcare Workers Previously Infected with SARS-CoV-2
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Sera of participants with detectable spike antibodies produced by natural infection had higher levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibodies against the wild-type strain and variants of concern (B.1.1.7, B.1351, and P.1) at least one week after a single dose of the Oxford-Astrazeneca vaccine (n=83) compared to sera from a mixed group of…
May 7, 2021
Preliminary Analysis of Safety and Immunogenicity of a SARS-CoV-2 Variant Vaccine Booster
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Preliminary results from a clinical trial (N=80) of a modified Moderna mRNA COVID-19 vaccine administered as a booster 6 months after the two-dose vaccine series induced increases in antibody neutralization titers to the wild type and variant strains B.1.351 and P.1. The authors note that these results demonstrate the ability of a…
May 6, 2021
Asymptomatic and Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections After BNT162b2 Vaccination in a Routinely Screened Workforce
Vaccination with the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine was associated with a 72% lower incidence of a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR result during routine weekly screening for asymptomatic infection among employees of St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital between December 2020 to March 2021 and a greater than 90% reduction in PCR positivity among fully vaccinated individuals. Incidence of asymptomatic…
Efficacy of NVX-CoV2373 Covid-19 Vaccine against the B.1.351 Variant
Results from a multicenter, randomized, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled phase 2a-b trial in South Africa of the NVX-CoV2373 (Novavax) nanoparticle vaccine indicated a 49% vaccine efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection among 2,684 participants. 94% of participants were HIV-negative and 6% were people living with HIV. After 1:1 vaccine to placebo randomization, 15 participants in the vaccine arm and…
Impact and Effectiveness of MRNA BNT162b2 Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 Infections and COVID-19 Cases, Hospitalisations, and Deaths Following a Nationwide Vaccination Campaign in Israel: An Observational Study Using National Surveillance Data
Estimated real-world vaccine effectiveness 7 days or more after the second dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine was 95% against SARS-CoV-2 infection according to analysis of national surveillance data from Israel (n=4.7 million) between January to April 2021After adjustment for age, sex, and week of infection, estimated vaccine effectiveness was 92% against aymptomatic infection and 97%…
BNT162b2 MRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Induces Antibodies of Broader Cross-reactivity than Natural Infection but Recognition of Mutant Viruses Is up to 10-fold Reduced
Antibodies induced by the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine had higher binding capacities (avidity) than antibodies induced by natural infection against the receptor binding domain (RBD) containing mutations representative of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (N501Y, K417N, E484K, and a combination of all three). Vaccine-induced sera (n=6) had 2.5- to 3-fold reduced binding to a RBD containing the…
Association Between Vaccination With BNT162b2 and Incidence of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections Among Health Care Workers
The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine was associated with a 93% lower incidence of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and 86% lower incidence of asymptomatic infection more than 7 days after the second dose in a retrospective cohort of healthcare workers (HCWs) in Israel (n=6,710). The median follow-up period was 63 days. While vaccination was associated with older age and…
April 30, 2021
Safety Monitoring of the Janssen (Johnson & Johnson) COVID-19 Vaccine — United States, March–April 2021
A review of post-authorization safety data after administration of 7.98 million doses of Johnson & Johnson/Janssen COVID-19 vaccine during March–April 2021 found that commonly-reported reactions, such as fatigue and pain, were similar to those observed in clinical trials, and 97% of these events were classified as nonserious. A total of 17 events consistent with cerebral…
Factors Influencing the Efficacy of COVID-19 Vaccines: A Quantitative Synthesis of Phase III Trials
A meta-analysis of efficacy data from Phase III trials of the Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, AstraZeneca, and Sputnik V vaccines found that type of vaccine, age and sex of recipients, and the underlying rate of COVID-19 in the study populations did not affect vaccine efficacy. The meta-regression calculated lower efficacy point estimates for the mRNA vaccines among…
April 29, 2021
Prothrombotic Immune Thrombocytopenia after COVID-19 Vaccine
5 cases of prothrombotic immune thrombocytopenia were identified in Germany at 5 to 11 days after receiving the first dose of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine. Clinical manifestations included cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, splanchnic vein thrombosis, arterial cerebral thromboembolism, and thrombotic microangiopathy. Anti-PF4/polyanion antibodies were detected in all patients. After anticoagulation alone or in combination with eculizumab…
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