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Topic: Clinical Characteristics and Health Care Setting
May 28, 2021
COVID-19 Case-Fatality Disparities among People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Evidence from 12 US Jurisdictions
COVID-19 case fatality rates were higher among people with intellectual development disabilities (IDD) compared to rates for their respective jurisdiction, both among individuals living in congregate settings (2-5 times higher) and those receiving 24/7 nursing services (3-9 times higher) in an analysis of publicly reported data in 11 US states from March to April 2021….
Prevalence of Clinical and Subclinical Myocarditis in Competitive Athletes With Recent SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Clinical or subclinical myocarditis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection was detected in 2.3% of US college athletes with COVID-19 undergoing comprehensive cardiovascular testing from March to December 2020 (n=1597). Only 5 athletes (0.31%) would have been detected based on cardiac symptoms alone, while cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for all athletes yielded a 7.4-fold increase in detection…
May 27, 2021
Early Bacterial Identification Among Intubated Patients with COVID-19 or Influenza Pneumonia: A European Multicenter Comparative Cohort Study
Bacterial identification within 48 hours after intubation in samples from patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia (n=568) was associated with a 57% increase in risk for 28-day mortality in a multi-center cohort study in Europe. Compared to patients with influenza pneumonia (n=482), bacterial identification after intubation was less frequent in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia (10% vs 34%)….
Assessment of the Frequency and Variety of Persistent Symptoms Among Patients With COVID-19
A systematic review of 45 studies including 9,751 participants with COVID-19 found the most frequent persistent symptoms (≥60 days) included shortness of breath (median 36% of participants in 26 studies), fatigue (median 40% in 25 studies), and sleep disorder (median 30% in 8 studies). A median of 73% of participants in 16 studies of mostly…
Type I, II, and III Interferon Signatures Correspond to COVID-19 Disease Severity
In an analysis of plasma levels of interferons (IFNs) and cytokines among patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and varying disease severity (n=67), type I IFN responses appeared to be transient among those with mild disease but prolonged among those admitted to the ICU. Plasma levels of type II IFNs were comparable among patients overall and induced…
Distinct Cytokine and Chemokine Dysregulation in Hospitalized Children with Acute COVID-19 and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome with Similar Levels of Nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 Shedding
In a cohort study of individuals aged <18 years who were hospitalized with COVID-19 (n=32), those diagnosed with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) (n=16) had significantly higher levels of cytokine and chemokines, such as IL-6 and IL-8, and were more likely to have anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity (75% vs 44%) compared to those without MIS-C….
May 26, 2021
COVID-19 in Trauma: A Propensity-Matched Analysis of COVID and Non-COVID Trauma Patients
Patients admitted after trauma who were found to have COVID had higher rates of mortality (9% vs. 2%) and pneumonia (8% vs. 0), and a longer mean length of stay (7.5 days vs. 3 days) compared to patients without COVID-19, according to a retrospective, propensity-matched cohort study (n = 159) of patients presenting to 11…
Association of Circulating Sex Hormones With Inflammation and Disease Severity in Patients With COVID-19
Lower testosterone concentrations during hospitalization were associated with increased disease severity, inflammation, and mortality in a cohort of 152 male COVID-19 patients. This association remained after controlling for other known risk factors for severe COVID-19, including age, BMI, comorbidities, smoking, and race. Testosterone concentrations were similar among those who presented with severe illness and those…
May 25, 2021
Poor Nutritional Status, Risk of Sarcopenia and Nutrition Related Complaints Are Prevalent in COVID-19 Patients during and after Hospital Admission
73% of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 were at high risk of muscle tissue loss (sarcopenia) and 22% of patients experienced serious acute weight loss (>5kg), according to a prospective observational cohort in the Netherlands conducted from April to December 2020 (n=407). Muscle tissue loss was defined as ≥4 points on the SARC-F questionnaire during hospitalization….
The Efficacy of UV Light-Emitting Technology against Coronaviruses: A Systematic Review
Complete inactivation of coronaviruses on surfaces and in aerosols required at least 15 minutes within a maximum distance from the UV emitter up to 1 meter, according to a systematic review of 18 studies reporting on the efficacy of UV technologies against coronaviruses (n=6 against SARS-CoV-2). The authors noted significant heterogeneity among the studies in…
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