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Topic: Clinical Characteristics and Health Care Setting
October 30, 2020
Case Fatality Rates for COVID-19 Patients Requiring Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Meta-Analysis
A meta-analysis of the case fatality ratio among adults with COVID-19 receiving invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) indicated that the estimated case fatality ratio was 45% (95% CI 39-52%). Among studies where age-specific case fatality ratios were available, pooled estimates ranged from 48% in younger patients (age ≤40) to 84% in older patients (age >80). Case…
COVID-19 Test Result Turnaround Time for Residents and Staff in US Nursing Homes
A study of SARS-CoV-2 antigen test turnaround times among Medicare-certified skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) found that although testing delays improved over time in the study period, few SNF across the US received test results in less than 24 hours. In early September, test turnaround time was less than 1 day for 6% of SNFs testing…
Estimated Association of Construction Work With Risks of COVID-19 Infection and Hospitalization in Texas
A decision analytical model for COVID-19 found that resuming unrestricted construction work during shelter-in-place orders in Texas was associated with a higher risk of community hospitalizations due to SARS-CoV-2 (0.38 to 1.5 per 1000 residents) and increased risk of hospitalization of workers (0.22 to 9.3 per 1000 construction workers). Construction workers in central Texas had…
SARS-CoV-2 Exposure and Infection Among Health Care Personnel — Minnesota, March 6–July 11, 2020
Compared to healthcare personnel with higher-risk exposures working in acute care settings, those working in congregate living or long-term care settings were less likely to wear appropriate PPE, more often returned to work during 14-day post-exposure monitoring (57%), more often worked while symptomatic (5%), and were more likely to receive a positive test result during…
October 29, 2020
Risk of Hospital Admission with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Healthcare Workers and Their Households: Nationwide Linkage Cohort Study
A nationwide cohort study in Scotland (n=158,445) found that despite low absolute risk, patient facing healthcare workers and their household members had a higher relative risk of hospital admission due to COVID-19 compared to non-patient facing healthcare workers and their household members. Risk of COVID-19-related hospital admission was 3-fold higher among patient facing healthcare workers…
Comparative Performance of Private Equity–Owned US Nursing Homes During the COVID-19 Pandemic
A cross-sectional study of 11,470 nursing homes found that private equity (PE) owned nursing homes performed comparably on resident COVID-19 cases and deaths despite more frequent shortages of PPE in PE-owned vs. other types of nursing homes. No statistically significant differences in COVID-19 cases, COVID-19 deaths, nor deaths from all causes were detected between PE-owned…
October 28, 2020
Residential Context and COVID-19 Mortality among Adults Aged 70 Years and Older in Stockholm: A Population-Based, Observational Study Using Individual-Level Data
Household and neighborhood characteristics associated with COVID-19 mortality among older people (aged ≥70 years) included close exposure to working-age household members, living in a care home, and living in dense neighborhoods. In a population-based cohort of older adults in Stockholm county in Sweden (n= 274,712), close exposure to working-age household members (<66 years) (aHR=1.6), living…
Shorter Incubation Period Is Associated with Severe Disease Progression in Patients with COVID-19
Shorter time between exposure and the development of symptoms was associated with more frequent detection of COVID-19 associated pneumonia. A study of 330 patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in January and February reported that patients with a shorter incubation period (defined as <3 days between the time of exposure and the onset of symptoms) were…
October 27, 2020
EXPRESS: Stroke in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
A meta-analysis of 61 studies (108,571 patients) found a 1.4% prevalence of acute cerebrovascular disease (CVD) among patients with COVID-19. The most common manifestation was acute ischemic stroke (87.4%). Patients developing acute CVD were older and more likely to have pre-existing vascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and coronary artery disease. Nannoni et al….
October 26, 2020
Type 2 Diabetes and COVID-19–Related Mortality in the Critical Care Setting: A National Cohort Study in England, March–July 2020
Results from a national cohort study in England indicated that type 2 diabetes may be an independent prognostic factor for death in people with severe COVID-19 requiring critical care treatment. Young people were found to have the greatest risk increase associated with type 2 diabetes. While patients with type 2 diabetes across all ages were…
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