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Topic: Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions
April 15, 2020
COVID-19: A model correlating BCG vaccination to protection from mortality implicates trained immunity
Green et al determine that BCG vaccination is correlated with protection from death from COVID-19. This correlation to new and existing studies and data suggest causal protective mechanisms that have been previously and rigorously demonstrated to be mediated by BCG vaccination. These mechanisms converge on “trained immunity,” suggesting that this may be an important mechanism…
April 14, 2020
Between Geography and Demography: Key Interdependencies and Exit Mechanisms for Covid-19
The authors developed a minimal compartmental model to analyze policies on mobility restrictions in Italy, treating Italian regions as separate entities in which social interactions through differing age classes occur. They found that premature lockdowns barely shift the epidemic in time and that quelled epidemics can quickly recur post-lockdown. They suggest that young and elderly…
Diminishing Marginal Benefit of Social Distancing in Balancing COVID-19 Medical Demand-to-Supply
Liu et al investigate the dynamics of social distancing on an age-stratified US population and the estimated burden on hospital bed availability. Findings suggest an optimal intermittent social-to-no-distancing ratio of 5:1, corresponding to an 80% reduction in healthcare demands. Liu et al. (April 14, 2020). Diminishing Marginal Benefit of Social Distancing in Balancing COVID-19 Medical…
COVID-19: Herd Immunity and Convalescent Plasma Transfer Therapy
The authors discuss the viability of deploying recovered individuals, who may have immunity to COVID-19, as part of emergency response, and the need to validate promising findings from using antibodies in convalescent plasma from recovered patients. Syal. (April 13, 2020). COVID-19: Herd Immunity and Convalescent Plasma Transfer Therapy. Journal. J Med Virol. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25870
Protecting our health care workers while protecting our communities during the COVID-19 pandemic: a comparison of approaches and early outcomes in two Italian regions, Italy, 2020
The authors determine that the community-based approach used in Veneto was associated with reduced cases, hospitalizations, deaths, and infection among HCWs when compared with the patient-centered approach used in Lombardy. Findings suggest that the impact of COVID-19 can be reduced through strong and aggressive public health efforts to confirm and isolate cases and to minimize…
April 13, 2020
Protecting Labor and Delivery Personnel from COVID-19 during the Second Stage of Labor
Although the second stage of labor has previously not been considered an aerosol generating procedure (AGP), persons in labor exert extreme effort during the process and frequently blow out their breath, cough, shout, and vomit, all of which put the health care team at risk of COVID-19. Palatnik and McIntosh recommend that labor and delivery…
April 10, 2020
Self-Isolation Compliance In The COVID-19 Era Influenced By Compensation: Findings From A Recent Survey In Israel
A cross sectional study of the adult population of Israel conducted to assess public attitudes towards the COVID-19 outbreak and compliance of self-quarantine measures suggests that compliance is much higher when compensation for lost wages is assumed. This study indicates that providing people with assurances for their livelihood during self-quarantine is an important component in…
April 9, 2020
Beware of the second wave of COVID-19
Xu and Li warn of potential adverse consequences of premature relaxation of current COVID-19 strict interventions. They point out that such decisions might lead to a second wave of infections. They recommend that each country evaluate the effect of relaxing each intervention or those that were most effective in containing the spread of the pandemic,…
April 8, 2020
Lockdown contained the spread of 2019 novel coronavirus disease in Huangshi city, China: Early epidemiological findings
Ji et al. report on the temporal dynamics and characteristics of the COVID-19 epidemic in Huangshi City, China, following lockdown and other non-pharmaceutical interventions. The study provides information on how epidemiological inference may be used to provide guidance on choice of lockdown measures in high-risk cities and help improve public health intervention strategies against the…
Connecting BCG Vaccination and COVID-19: Additional Data
Reasons for wide variation in severity of COVID-19 across affected countries around the world remain unknown. Two recent studies suggest a link between BCG vaccination policy and morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19. Dayal and Gupta compared the case fatality rates of COVID-19 between countries with high disease burden and those with BCG revaccination policies. …
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