Result for
Topic: Vaccines and Immunity
March 8, 2021
An Increase in Willingness to Vaccinate against COVID-19 in the US between October 2020 and February 2021 Longitudinal Evidence from the Understanding America Study
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19 increased in the US from October 2020 to February 2021 according to results from a nationally-representative internet-panel of US adults (n = 7,840 participants). Between April and October 2020, there was a sharp decline in willingness to be vaccinated (from 74% to 53%), followed by a…
March 5, 2021
Association between Influenza Vaccination and Hospitalisation or All-Cause Mortality in People with COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study
A retrospective cohort study using routinely collected health records from patients with COVID-19 (n= 6,921) in South West England between January and July 2020 found that receiving the influenza vaccination sometime between January 1, 2019 and COVID-19 diagnosis was associated with a 15% reduced odds of all-cause mortality or hospitalization (aOR=0.85), and a 24% reduced…
SARS-CoV-2 Variant with Higher Affinity to ACE2 Shows Reduced Sera Neutralization Susceptibility
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] An in vitro study of newly-emerging SARS-CoV-2 mutations in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the viral spike protein found in the P.1 variant (first described in Brazil) demonstrated increased angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) affinity for the mutant RBD and reduced neutralization ability of immune sera induced from prior strains. RBD mutations…
Age-Dependent Immune Response to the BioNtech-Pfizer BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccination
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Among 176 participants receiving two doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine in a cohort study in Germany, participants aged >80 years had lower SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibody titers and neutralizing titers compared to participants aged <60 years after each dose. While the IgG titer increase between the first and second dose was larger…
Time Series Analysis and Mechanistic Modelling of Heterogeneity and Sero-Reversion in Antibody Responses to Mild SARS-CoV-2 Infection
A prospective serology cohort study among UK healthcare workers found that by 21 weeks, 22% (31 of 143) of those previously positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (S1) antibodies reverted to being S1 negative, while only 4% (6 of 150) of those previously positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (NP) antibodies reverted to being NP negative, which the authors…
Resistance of SARS-CoV-2 Variants to Neutralization by Monoclonal and Serum-Derived Polyclonal Antibodies
Most convalescent sera from people who had recovered from mild COVID-19 (n=29) and virtually all Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine-induced immune sera (n=24) were shown to have diminished neutralizing activity against engineered SARS-CoV-2 strains including a chimeric strain combining a strain identified in Washington state with a B.1.351 spike gene (Wash SA-B.1.351 strain), or recombinant viruses containing…
March 4, 2021
Delayed Large Local Reactions to MRNA-1273 Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2
A case series of 12 patients reported delayed large local reactions (skin redness, tenderness and swelling) in response to the Moderna vaccine within 4 to 11 days (median 8 days) after the first dose. In all cases, the reactions appeared near the injection site after complete resolution of the initial local and systemic symptoms associated…
March 3, 2021
Preliminary Efficacy of the NVX-CoV2373 Covid-19 Vaccine Against the B.1.351 Variant
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Results from a multicenter, randomized, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled trial in South Africa of the NVX-CoV2373 (Novavax) nanoparticle vaccine indicated that among 2,684 participants who were SARS-CoV-2 seronegative at baseline (94% HIV-negative; 6% people living with HIV), vaccine efficacy was 49.4%, with 15 and 29 predominantly mild to moderate COVID-19 cases in vaccine and…
Recent Changes in COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Healthcare Workers
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] The willingness of United States Healthcare workers (HCW) to receive an emergency use authorization (EUA)-approved COVID-19 vaccine increased substantially from October, 2020 to December, 2020, according to data from the Healthcare Worker Exposure Response and Outcomes (HERO) Registry. The largest gain in vaccine willingness was observed among physicians, 91% of whom said…
Early Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccination with BNT162b2 MRNA Vaccine and ChAdOx1 Adenovirus Vector Vaccine on Symptomatic Disease Hospitalisations and Mortality in Older Adults in England
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A study of the real-world effectiveness of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines in the UK indicated that vaccination with a single dose of either vaccine was associated with a significant reduction in symptomatic COVID-19 cases in older adults, with strong protection against severe disease. Effects of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine among adults 80…
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