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Topic: Vaccines and Immunity
January 4, 2021
Efficacy and Safety of the MRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine
Results from a phase 3 randomized, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of the Moderna SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate (mRNA-1273) indicated that the vaccine showed 94.1% efficacy at preventing COVID-19, including severe disease. The trial enrolled 30,420 volunteers, and symptomatic illness was confirmed in 185 participants in the placebo group and in 11 participants in the vaccine group. Efficacy…
December 30, 2020
National Trends in the US Public’s Likelihood of Getting a COVID-19 Vaccine—April 1 to December 8, 2020
A nationally representative longitudinal survey (n=8,167) found that self-reported likelihood of getting a COVID-19 vaccine declined from 74% in early April to 56% in early December. Declines were observed in likelihood of vaccine uptake for both women and men and in all age, racial/ethnic, and education subgroups. As of December, the self-reported likelihood of vaccine…
Prior SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Associated with Protection against Symptomatic Reinfection
In a retrospective cohort study of healthcare workers (HCW) (n=17,126) in the UK, HCW without confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (negative PCR and serology) during the first wave experienced higher rates of symptomatic testing and PCR test positivity rates in the second wave 6 months later than HCW with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first wave. Only…
December 28, 2020
Antibody Status and Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Health Care Workers
The presence of SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike or anti-nucleocapsid IgG antibodies was associated with a reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection over 6 months of follow-up among health care workers in the UK (n=12,541). The risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR during study follow-up was 1.09 per 10,000 person-days at risk among workers who were negative…
Older Adults’ Perspectives on a COVID-19 Vaccine
In a nationally representative survey of 1,556 adults aged 50 to 80 years in the US (October 2020), 58% of older adults indicated they would be likely to get a COVID-19 vaccine, 28% said they were unlikely, and 14% were either unsure or did not know if they would get vaccinated. Interest in getting a…
December 23, 2020
Assessment of Maternal and Neonatal SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load, Transplacental Antibody Transfer, and Placental Pathology in Pregnancies During the COVID-19 Pandemic
A prospective cohort study of 127 pregnant women found inefficient transplacental transfer of maternal SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies and no evidence for prolonged viremia in either maternal or fetal circulation. No detectable viremia in maternal or cord blood was identified in 64 participants diagnosed with COVID-19 and no SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in 88 tested placentas….
Evaluating the Efficacy of COVID-19 Vaccines
Using dual or triple primary endpoints that include SARS-CoV-2 infection, symptomatic infection and severe COVID-19 could speed up characterization and licensure of vaccines for SARS-CoV-2, according to models of placebo controlled-vaccine trials. The authors suggest that dual or triple primary endpoints could speed up the discovery, characterization, and licensure of effective vaccines by creating data…
Antibody Responses 8 Months after Asymptomatic or Mild SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Choe et al. used four commercial immunoassays to measure SARS-CoV-2 antibodies from seven participants with asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and 51 patients with mildly symptomatic infections eight months after they tested positive by rt-PCR. For three of the four immunoassays used, seropositivity rates were high (69% to 91%). Antibody positivity differed significantly between the immunoassay methods,…
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices’ Updated Interim Recommendation for Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine — United States, December 2020
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) now recommends that the COVID-19 vaccine be offered to people over the age of 75 and non-health care frontline workers in Phase 1B of the vaccine rollout. This is an update to recent vaccine allocation recommendations that suggested vaccinating health care personnel and long-term care facility residents against…
December 21, 2020
Sub-National Forecasts of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance across the UK a Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Spatial Modelling Study
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A predictive modeling study of vaccine hesitancy in the UK that used a large-scale survey data and Bayesian statistical methods to estimate public opinion predicted that clusters of non-vaccinators will likely emerge in many regions across the UK, including London and the North West. Respondents (n= 17,684) were surveyed between September 24…
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