October 6, 2020
Association of Smoking Status with Outcomes in Hospitalised Patients with COVID-19
Analysis of a large retrospective study (n=1,137) found that among adults hospitalized with COVID-19, smokers were more likely to develop critical illness that required mechanical ventilation (47% vs 37%, p=0.005). In univariate analysis, current smokers had a 1.6-fold higher risk of death compared with never smokers (95% CI: 1.2-2.1). In adjusting for confounders, female sex,…
Temporal Analysis of COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma Donations Reveals Significant Decrease in Neutralizing Capacity Over Time
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] Analysis of 981 COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CP) samples from 196 donors shows that over time, neutralizing capacities of CP can decrease below recommended FDA levels of 50% neutralization (PRNT50%) and 90% neutralization (PPRNT90%). The most significant decreases of PRNT50% titer occurred at more than 43 days post initial donation, suggesting a…
Lopinavir–Ritonavir in Patients Admitted to Hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): A Randomised, Controlled, Open-Label, Platform Trial
A randomized open-label trial (RECOVERY trial) found that among patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19, treatment with lopinavir-ritonavir was not associated with reduction in 28-day all-cause mortality (RR=1.03, 95%CI: 0.91-1.17), duration of hospital stay (RR=0.98, 95%CI: 0.91-1.05), or progression to mechanical ventilation or death (RR=1.09, 95%CI: 0.99-1.20). 23% of patients receiving lopinavir-ritonavir died within 28…
Comprehensive Genome Analysis of 6,000 USA SARS-CoV-2 Isolates Reveals Haplotype Signatures and Localized Transmission Patterns by State and by Country
Geographic Spread Genomic analysis of 6,359 SARS-CoV-2 isolates from the US identified a pattern of strongly localized outbreaks, which may point to the effectiveness of travel restriction policies and other public health measures. The authors identified prominent trends of localized haplotype patterns, which are the collection of variants in a viral genome, particular to Washington…
Adolescent with COVID-19 as the Source of an Outbreak at a 3-Week Family Gathering — Four States, June–July 2020
An adolescent (13 years old) was the index case of an outbreak that occurred during a 3-week family gathering where 11 of 14 attendees developed COVID-19, despite the index case testing negative with a rapid antigen test prior to the gathering. Six other family members who maintained physical distancing by remaining outdoors did not develop…
Testing Mobile Air Purifiers in a School Classroom Reducing the Airborne Transmission Risk for SARS-CoV-2
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] Four mobile air purifiers with HEPA filters in a regular high school classroom were able to reduce the concentration of aerosols by more than 90% within less than 30 minutes compared to a neighboring classroom without purifiers. The authors further estimate that the inhaled dose via airborne transmission from staying in…
Trends in COVID-19 Incidence After Implementation of Mitigation Measures — Arizona, January 22–August 7, 2020
COVID-19 incidence decreased following implementation of mitigation measures in Arizona. Prior to these measures, the average number of daily cases increased approximately 151% from June 1 to June 15, after which local officials enacted mitigation measures that included mask wearing (June 17), closures of bars, gyms, movie theaters, and water parks (June 29), and limiting…
COVID-19 Literature Situation Report Oct. 6, 2020
Lopinavir-ritonavir was not associated with a reduction in 28 day all-cause mortality, duration of hospital stay, or death in a randomized open-label trial (RECOVERY Trial).
October 5, 2020
A Framework for Equitable Allocation of Vaccine for the Novel Coronavirus
An ad hoc committee of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine developed an overarching framework to assist policymakers in the domestic and global health communities to plan for equitable allocation of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. The framework includes four allocation phases of COVID-19 vaccine to the public based on risk-based criteria. Phase 1 includes…
The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Uptake of Influenza Vaccine A UK-Wide Observational Study
[Preprint, not peer-reviewed] An online survey in the UK among people eligible for the National Health Service free vaccination program reported that COVID-19 has increased acceptance of flu vaccination in the 2020-21 season. Among those who previously had not routinely received influenza vaccination, 57% reported that they intended to get the influenza vaccine in the…
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