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Tag: clinical characteristics
September 29, 2020
Clinical Epidemiology of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Japan: Report of the COVID-19 REGISTRY JAPAN
An observational study of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Japan (n=2,638) found a lower prevalence of comorbidities and a trend toward lower mortality compared to inpatient studies from other countries. Among the study participants, the most common comorbidities were hypertension (15%) and diabetes without complications (14%). In addition, there were twice as many individuals with…
Viral Presence and Immunopathology in Patients with Lethal COVID-19: A Prospective Autopsy Cohort Study
An autopsy study among 21 patients who died of COVID-19 showed widespread systemic inflammation in the lungs, heart, kidney, liver, and brain, with a continued presence of inflammatory neutrophils cells even several weeks into the disease course. The lung was the organ with the most abundant SARS-CoV-2, and extensive inflammation was detected in the brain….
Exploring the Demographics and Clinical Characteristics Related to the Expression of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, a Receptor of SARS-CoV-2
An analysis of ACE2 expression among 229 individuals indicated that participants who were female (OR=2.3), had hypertension (OR=1.3), had a cardiocerebrovascular disease (OR=1.3), had cancer (OR=1.7), or who were over 60 years old (OR=3.1) had higher levels of ACE2 expression, which is one of the cellular entry receptors for SARS-CoV-2. The authors suggest that persons…
September 24, 2020
Outcomes of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus in Patients with or without a History of Cancer: A Multi-Centre North London Experience
Cancer diagnosis did not increase risk of death (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.4-2.5) or severe outcomes (OR: 0.9, 95% CI: 0.7-24.0) among a matched cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (n=120). Cancer patients who had received systemic treatment within 28 days prior to hospital admission appeared to have a nonsignificantly increased risk of death (OR:…
The Incidence, Risk Factors, and Prognosis of Acute Kidney Injury in Adult Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019
In a retrospective cohort study in China, 7% of 1,392 COVID-19 patients developed acute kidney injury (AKI) during hospitalization. In-hospital mortality was higher among patients with AKI even after adjustment for confounders (OR: 5.1; 95% CI: 2.7-9.7). Cheng et al. (Sept 22, 2020). The Incidence, Risk Factors, and Prognosis of Acute Kidney Injury in Adult…
Association of SARS-CoV-2 Test Status and Pregnancy Outcomes. JAMA. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.19124
In a Swedish study conducted among pregnant women in labor, 5.8% of 2,682 women tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 via RT-PCR. Positive patients were more likely to have preeclampsia (7.7% vs 4.3%; PR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.0-3.4) and less likely to undergo induction of labor (18.7% vs 29.6%; PR: 0.6; 95% CI: 0.45-0.9). Other maternal and…
September 23, 2020
Risk of Adverse COVID-19 Outcomes for People Living with HIV a Rapid Review and Meta-Analysis
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Pooled results from 5 studies (median sample size 55 [IQR 35-115]) showed that people living with HIV had a 1.9-fold higher risk of COVID-19 mortality (95%CI 1.6-2.3) compared to people without HIV. Two studies reported that tenofovir-based antiretroviral therapy regimens were associated with a lower risk of adverse COVID-19 outcomes, but the…
Risk Factors for Hospitalization, Mechanical Ventilation, or Death Among 10 131 US Veterans With SARS-CoV-2 Infection
In a national cohort of 88,747 veterans in the US, 11% tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 from February to May 2020. Veterans with positive PCR results were predominantly male (91%) with a mean age of 64 (SD=16) years. Positive patients had increased rates of 30-day hospitalization (aHR=1.1), mechanical ventilation (aHR=4.2), and death (aHR=4.4). Among positive patients,…
Association of Red Blood Cell Distribution Width With Mortality Risk in Hospitalized Adults With SARS-CoV-2 Infection
An elevated level of red blood cell distribution width (RDW, >14.5%) at hospital admission was associated with an increased mortality risk among 1,461 patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Boston (RR=2.7). In addition, patients whose RDW increased during hospitalization had higher mortality compared with those whose RDW did not change (6% vs 24% among 1,173…
September 22, 2020
Nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV2 Viral Loads in Young Children Do Not Differ Significantly from Those in Older Children and Adults
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A multicenter investigation of >5,000 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection found no significant difference in the amount of viral nucleic acid in nasopharyngeal swabs between young children and adults. Viral loads were comparable between children under 5, older children, and adults. Madera et al. (Sept 22, 2020). Nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV2 Viral Loads in…
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