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Tag: variants
February 5, 2021
Efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 VOC
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] The efficacy the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (Oxford-AstraZeneca; AZD1222) against the B.1.1.7 variant of SARS-CoV-2 was similar to the efficacy against parent lineages, with 74% efficacy (95% CI, 42-89%) against B.1.1.7 compared to 84% efficacy (95% CI, 71-91%) against non- B.1.1.7 lineages. Vaccine-induced antibodies had an approximately nine-fold reduction in neutralization activity…
Large-scale analysis of SARS-CoV-2 spike-glycoprotein mutants demonstrates the need for continuous screening of virus isolates
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] An analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences from around the world found that the overall rate of non-synonymous mutations in the spike protein was low. While only 14% of the samples contained no variation from the reference sequence, fewer than 10 non-synonymous mutations were found in 99.98% of samples. Recurrent variations were…
February 4, 2021
COVID-19 Outcomes Among Persons Living With or Without Diagnosed HIV Infection in New York State
COVID-19 related outcomes were worse among persons living with diagnosed HIV than those without HIV in New York State between March to June 2020, according to population-level comparisons using matched data from HIV surveillance, COVID-19 laboratory-confirmed diagnoses, and hospitalization databases. Though persons living with and without diagnosed HIV had similar COVID-19 diagnosis rates, among persons…
Increased Hazard of Death in Community-Tested Cases of SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern 20201201
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 variant (first identified in the UK) was estimated to increase the risk of death by 30%, based on an analysis of a database of SARS-CoV-2 community test results in the UK. This dataset represents approximately 47% of all SARS-CoV-2 community tests and 7% of COVID-19 deaths in England…
Impact of the B.1.1.7 Variant on Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies Recognizing Diverse Epitopes on SARS-CoV-2 Spike
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 variant (first identified in the UK) was shown to reduce neutralizing activity of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting subdominant epitopes in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. In particular, the B.1.1.7 (UK) variant reduced neutralizing activity of mAbs specific to the N-terminal domain (NTD) by up to 16-fold. NTD-specific mAbs consisted…
February 3, 2021
The Basis of a More Contagious 501Y.V1 Variant of SARS-COV-2
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] The receptor binding domain (RBD) of the 501Y.V1 SARS-CoV-2 variant (first identified in the UK) has around a 10-times higher binding affinity for human ACE2 than the RBD of the parent N501 strain, suggesting a potential mechanism for the higher rate of contagiousness observed with this strain. Sera collected from individuals immunized…
Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 VOC 501Y.V2 by Human Antisera Elicited by Both Inactivated BBIBP-CorV and Recombinant Dimeric RBD ZF2001 Vaccines
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Sera from 12 participants who received either the inactivated virus vaccine BBIP-CorV or the ZF2001 RBD protein subunit vaccine (both manufactured in China) showed neutralizing activity against the 501Y.V2 SARS-CoV-2 variant (first identified in South Africa). Neutralization was measured by microcytopathogenic effect assay and there were slightly reduced geometric mean antibody titers…
Sixteen Novel Lineages of SARS-CoV-2 in South Africa
An analysis of 1,365 SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequences in South Africa identified 16 new lineages of the virus isolated between March 6 and August 26, 2020. Three lineages (B.1.1.54, B.1.1.56 and C.1) were responsible for 42% of all infections in South Africa during the first wave, during which 42 detectable lineages were circulating throughout the country….
February 2, 2021
Effect of RBD (Y453F) Mutation in Spike Glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on Neutralizing IgG Affinity
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] A mutation found in farm minks infected with SARS-CoV-2 (Y435F) was predicted to lead to reduced binding to the human ACE-2 receptor, and was experimentally shown to alter the affinity of convalescent polyclonal serum to the receptor binding domain (RBD). Using a modified ELISA assay, strong affinity to recombinant non-mutated RBD…
January 29, 2021
The effect of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 on symptomatology re-infection and transmissibility
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] No association was found between the proportion of the UK SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 in circulation and reported disease severity, according to data obtained from reporting of symptoms and test results via the COVID Symptom Study application. The authors controlled for both demographic characteristics (age, sex) and seasonal variables (temperature, humidity). No effects…
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