Result for
Topic: Vaccines and Immunity
May 14, 2021
Plans to Vaccinate Children for COVID-19 a Survey of US Parents
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A national online survey of US parents (N=2,074) conducted in March 2021 found that 49% planned to vaccinate their children for COVID-19 when available, while 26% of respondents said they would “definitely not” vaccinate their children. The most common concerns cited about vaccines were safety, effectiveness, and a perceived lack of need….
BNT162b2-Elicited Neutralization against New SARS-CoV-2 Spike Variants
An in vitro study of serum neutralization after two doses of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine found that variants B.1.526, B.1.429, and B.1.1.7+E484K remained susceptible to vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibodies at a level equivalent to the neutralization of wild-type USA-WA1/2020 strain. The authors suggest that these results indicate the additional E484K mutation, also found in the B.1.351 and B.1.526…
Immunogenicity of COVID-19 MRNA Vaccines in Pregnant and Lactating Women
A small (N=46) study of pregnant and lactating persons found that mRNA vaccines produced binding, neutralizing, and functional non-neutralizing antibody responses as well as CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses. Additionally, binding and neutralizing antibodies were also detectable in cord blood, suggesting placental transfer of maternal antibodies and conferral of immunity to infants. Post-vaccination in vitro…
Antibody Responses to Single-Dose SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients Receiving Immunomodulators for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Disease
A study of persons with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID) (N=120) found that 15% failed to produce detectable SARS-CoV-2 antibodies 23-46 days after one dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech or Astra-Zeneca vaccines. In contrast, nearly 100% of persons without IMID who receive one dose of either vaccine have been shown to produce antibodies within this time frame….
Effects of Different Types of Written Vaccination Information on COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in the UK (OCEANS-III): A Single-Blind, Parallel-Group, Randomised Controlled Trial
A single-blind, parallel-group, randomized trial of UK adults (N=15,014) found that among strongly vaccine hesitant persons, providing information about the personal benefits of the COVID-19 vaccine reduced hesitancy more than providing information about collective benefits. However, the study showed no difference between the messaging strategies among people who were more mildly hesitant about vaccination, or…
May 13, 2021
Persistence of Antibody and Cellular Immune Responses in COVID-19 Patients over Nine Months after Infection
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, IgM, and neutralizing antibodies against the spike and nucleocapsid proteins were detected in approximately 90% of participants in a cross-sectional study of 59 mostly mild COVID-19 patients after a median of 317 days (range 257 – 343) since symptom onset, while roughly 60% of patients had anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) IgG antibodies. In…
Neutralization Potential of Covishield Vaccinated Individuals against B.1.617.1
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Individuals with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (n=18) had 24-fold higher levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against the B.1.617.1 variant, which is linked to recent surges in cases in India, 4 weeks after the second dose of the Covishield vaccine (Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine version manufactured in India), compared to those without a previous history…
mRNA Vaccine-Induced SARS-CoV-2-Specific T Cells Recognize B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 Variants but Differ in Longevity and Homing Properties Depending on Prior Infection Status
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] CD4+ T cell responses elicited by COVID-19 mRNA vaccines respond similarly to spike protein epitopes derived from the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants of concern and the ancestral strain, based on an analysis of 24 specimens obtained at 3 different timepoints from 8 fully vaccinated individuals. The second vaccine dose appeared to…
Heterogeneous Magnitude of Immunological Memory to SARS-CoV-2 in Recovered Individuals
SARS-CoV-2-specific cellular and humoral immune responses were maintained up to 5 months post infection in a cohort of professional soccer players in Italy (n=30). 20% of participants displayed weaker immune responses over time, indicating heterogeneity in magnitude of immunological memory. Stronger cellular immune response was associated with symptomatic infection as indicated by higher levels of…
Disparities in COVID-19 Vaccine Initiation and Completion Among Active Component Service Members and Health Care Personnel, 11 December 2020-12 March 2021
Non-Hispanic Black US military service members were 28% less likely to initiate vaccination than non-Hispanic white members, after adjusting for potential confounders. From December 2020 to March 2021 a total of 361,538 service members (27%) initiated a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. Increasing age, higher education levels, higher military rank, and Asian/Pacific Islander race/ethnicity were also associated…
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