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Topic: Vaccines and Immunity
April 26, 2021
COVID-19 Vaccine Coverage in Health-Care Workers in England and Effectiveness of BNT162b2 MRNA Vaccine against Infection (SIREN): A Prospective, Multicentre, Cohort Study
The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine showed 70% effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection 21 days after the first dose, and 85% effectiveness 7 days after two doses among staff working in publicly-funded hospitals in the UK. Participants were followed for two months, for a total of 1,106,905 person-days. During follow-up, 977 new infections occurred among unvaccinated individuals (14 per…
Protection of Previous SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Similar to That of BNT162b2 Vaccine Protection A Three-Month Nationwide Experience from Israel
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A population-based study in Israel found that the level of protection against reinfection conferred by prior infection with SARS-CoV-2 within the last 6 months was similar to that elicited by the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine among people who had no prior infection. Vaccine effectiveness against severe disease was 66% for individuals followed from the…
Asymptomatic and Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections Elicit Polyfunctional Antibodies
Cellular assays evaluating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) combined with assessments of antibody titers and neutralization activity indicated that asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2 induces a polyfunctional antibody response. In this study, antibody responses were slightly lower among asymptomatic than symptomatic individuals, but did not differ in neutralization activity or the ability to trigger ADCC and complement…
Maternal and Child Outcomes Reported by Breastfeeding Women Following MRNA COVID-19 Vaccination
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Among individuals who were breastfeeding and received an mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (n = 180, 71% Pfizer-BioNTech, 29% Moderna), >85% reported experiencing side effects following either dose. Those who received the Moderna vaccine were significantly more likely to report systemic side effects after the second dose like fever, chills, and vomiting, in addition…
April 23, 2021
Real World Effectiveness of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines against Hospitalizations and Deaths in the United States
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A large, retrospective cohort analysis of patients enrolled in a Houston, TX healthcare network (N=91,134) found that vaccination with 2 doses of either the Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna vaccine reduced the risk of COVID-19 hospitalization by 96% and COVID-19 associated deaths by 99%. Additionally, the study found that persons with partial immunization, (defined…
Addressing Racial/ethnic Disparities in the COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] An analysis of state-level, race-stratified COVID-19 vaccination data found that Black and Hispanic adults have received proportionally lower levels of vaccinations compared to white adults. Across all states, adjusted for eligible population size, vaccine coverage among Black and Hispanic adults was 27% compared to 44% in white adults as of March 31,…
Previous COVID-19 Infection but Not Long-COVID Is Associated with Increased Adverse Events Following BNT162b2Pfizer Vaccination
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A study of UK healthcare workers (N=974) vaccinated with the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine found that prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, but not long-COVID, was associated with a higher incidence of self-reported adverse events following the first vaccine dose. Those with a self-reported prior SARS-CoV-2 infection were more likely to report ≥1 moderate-to-severe symptom with onset…
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy January-March 2021 among 18-64 Year Old US Adults by Employment and Occupation
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A large, nationally representative online survey of US adults ages 18-64 (N=732,308) found that COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy decreased from 28% in January 2021 to 22% in March 2021, but remained higher in specific occupational groups. Persons employed in physical/life sciences and education had the lowest vaccine hesitancy (9%) while persons employed in…
April 22, 2021
Preliminary Findings of MRNA Covid-19 Vaccine Safety in Pregnant Persons
Among women in the V-safe pregnancy registry who reported completing pregnancy after receiving COVID-19 mRNA vaccines (Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna) from December to February 201 (n=827), adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes occurred in similar proportions as previously studies of pregnant women conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic. 14% resulted in pregnancy loss, 86% resulted in live birth…
Safety and Efficacy of Single-Dose Ad26.COV2.S Vaccine against Covid-19
The SARS-CoV-2 single-dose adenovirus vector vaccine Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson) protected against moderate to severe-critical COVID-19 ≥14 days after administration with 66.9% efficacy (95% CI: 59-73.4%) in a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. 116 cases occurred among those receiving the vaccine (n=19,691) vs 348 cases in the placebo group (n=19,691). Efficacy ≥28 days after…
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