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Tag: vaccines
February 8, 2021
Antibody Responses Boosted in Seropositive Healthcare Workers after Single Dose of SARS-CoV-2 MRNA Vaccine
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Among healthcare workers who received a single dose of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine, those who had SARS-CoV-2 infection 30-60 days prior to vaccination (n = 36) had significantly higher antibody levels at 3 weeks post-vaccination than individuals with no prior infection (n = 152). After the first vaccine dose, both previously infected and…
Efficacy or Delivery? An Online Discrete Choice Experiment to Explore Preferences for COVID-19 Vaccines in the UK
An online discrete choice experiment study enrolling participants in the UK (n = 1,501) to assess the relative impact of vaccine properties, delivery and media coverage on vaccine uptake showed that efficacy was the factor the most influential in uptake (OR = 2.8 for 90% efficacy versus 70% efficacy), and the positive effect of high…
Measuring the Impact of COVID-19 Vaccine Misinformation on Vaccination Intent in the UK and USA
A randomized controlled trial exposing participants to either misinformation or factual information about COVID-19 vaccines found that among people who at baseline stated they would definitely accept the vaccine, exposure to misinformation led to a 6.2 percentage point reduction in vaccine intent among participants in the UK and a 6.4 percentage point reduction among US…
February 5, 2021
Efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 VOC
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] The efficacy the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (Oxford-AstraZeneca; AZD1222) against the B.1.1.7 variant of SARS-CoV-2 was similar to the efficacy against parent lineages, with 74% efficacy (95% CI, 42-89%) against B.1.1.7 compared to 84% efficacy (95% CI, 71-91%) against non- B.1.1.7 lineages. Vaccine-induced antibodies had an approximately nine-fold reduction in neutralization activity…
February 4, 2021
Rapid Vaccination and Early Reactive Partial Lockdown Will Minimize Deaths from Emerging Highly Contagious SARS-CoV-2 Variants
A mathematical model calibrated to King County, Washington (but generalizable across states) suggests that across all scenarios of varying vaccine efficacy, rapid vaccination (roughly 8,000 people per day) and lower case thresholds for triggering and relaxing partial lockdown are the two most critical variables that predict lower total numbers of COVID-19 infections, hospitalizations, and deaths….
Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (CoronaVac) in Healthy Adults Aged 60 Years and Older: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 1/2 Clinical Trial
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1/2 trial of the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine CoronaVac conducted among healthy, seronegative adults aged ≥60 years (n=421), all adverse reactions were mild or moderate, with injection site pain as the most frequently reported reaction (9%). Seroconversion after two doses was reported in at least 90% of all dosage groups…
Epidemiological and Evolutionary Considerations of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Dosing Regimes
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] An immuno-epidemiological model suggests that a one-dose vaccination strategy would likely decrease SARS-CoV-2 infections, but only in the short term. Long-term outcomes, as well as likelihood of viral evolution driven by partial immunity, are mainly driven by relative immune robustness of one versus two doses. Saad-Roy et al. (Feb 3, 2021)….
Vaccine Optimization for COVID-19: Who to Vaccinate First?
An age-stratified mathematical model parameterized with a population with an age distribution based on Washington State suggests that vaccines that are at least 50% effective in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection could be sufficient to substantially reduce infections and deaths and mitigate the pandemic, assuming roughly 70% vaccination coverage. For low vaccine effectiveness, vaccine allocation to high-risk…
February 3, 2021
COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptability and Inequity in the United States Results from a Nationally Representative Survey
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Weighted analysis of results from a nationally-representative survey of US adults (n=1,592) from September 1-7, 2020 showed that 59% of the population were willing or extremely willing to take the COVID-19 vaccine as soon as it became publicly available, while almost 68% of respondents were willing or extremely willing to take the…
Single Dose Administration , and the Influence of the Timing of the Booster Dose on Immunogenicity and Efficacy of ChAdOx1 NCoV-19 ( AZD1222 ) Vaccine
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Exploratory analysis of interim data from the University of Oxford studies of the ChAdOx1 (Oxford-AstraZeneca) vaccine suggested that lengthening the interval between vaccination doses was associated with increases in clinical efficacy. In the standard dose group (since approved by the MHRA and other international regulators), the efficacy after the second dose was…
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