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Topic: Clinical Characteristics and Health Care Setting
May 8, 2020
T Cell Subset Counts in Peripheral Blood Can Be Used as Discriminatory Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Severity Prediction of COVID-19
Among patients hospitalized for COVID-19 (n=103), compared to healthy controls (n=13), there were slight lower CD4+T cells counts but a severe lower CD8+T cell counts in COVID-19 patients. COVID-19 patients with severe disease showed significant decreases in T cell subset counts compared to mild-to-moderate patients. This suggests that T cell subset counts, particularly elevated CD4/CD8 ratios could potentially be used as discriminatory biomarkers for diagnosis and severity prediction. Jiang et al. (May 7, 2020). T Cell Subset Counts…
May 7, 2020
Identification of IgG Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Its Receptor Binding Domain Does Not Predict Rapid Recovery from COVID-19
Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses from 20 hospitalized patient with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection found that the IgG titers against SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and its receptor binding domain (RBD) were not associated with their speed of recovery. One patient who recovered completely did not develop RBD antibodies. The authors note that COVID-19 immunity may involve cell-mediated (adaptive T-cell) as well as humoral (antibody) immunity. McAndrews et al….
The War on COVID-19 Pandemic
COVID-19 results in debility and neurological, pulmonary, neuromuscular, and cognitive complications that make rehabilitation an important component of recovery. These authors describe anticipated demands and strategies to meet the needs of this population, including early initiation of rehabilitation during hospitalization, provision of education on self-care after discharge, and models for outpatient rehabilitation. Lew et al. (May 4, 2020). The War on COVID-19 Pandemic….
Effects of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on Maternal Perinatal and Neonatal Outcomes a Systematic Review of 266 Pregnancies
A systematic review that included 19 case series and case reports, corresponding to 266 women, found that the clinical characteristics of pregnant women with COVID-19 are similar to nonpregnant adults. Among mothers with nucleic acid testing in vaginal mucus and breast milk samples (n=28), all samples were negative, as were neonates who received testing via throat swab (n=113). Juan et al….
May 6, 2020
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of cancer patients with COVID‐19
This retrospective study summarized clinical characteristics and outcomes of 52 cancer patients with COVID-19. Results show that the infection rate of SARS-COV-2 in cancer patients was higher than the general population. Lymphocyte levels were lower among patients with mild COVID-19 disease compared to severe/critical patients. D-dimer, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, lactate dehydrogenase and interleukin-6 were significantly higher in severe/critical patients compared to mild patients. Cancer patients with COVID-19 showed…
Epidemiology of and Risk Factors for Coronavirus Infection in Health Care Workers: A Living Rapid Review
This paper reviews 64 studies examining the burden of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, and Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV on health care workers (HCWs) and risk factors for infection. HCWs accounted for a significant proportion of coronavirus infections and commonly experienced depression, anxiety, and psychological distress during the outbreak. PPE use and infection control training are associated with decreased risk of infection. Certain exposures…
May 5, 2020
Clinical Features of Pediatric Patients with Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
This retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics of children diagnosed with COVID-19 (n=16, age 11 months to 14 years) found that no children experienced severe illness. Most cases (12/16) were exposure to a family member with COVID-19. Among asymptomatic children (8/16), the median time from exposure via family member to first positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test (NAT) result was 15.5 days (range, 10–26 days; the median…
Analysis of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in the Mount Sinai Health System Using Electronic Medical Records (EMR) Reveals Important Prognostic Factors for Improved Clinical Outcomes
An analysis of 3,272 persons with COVID-19 who required hospitalization at Mount Sinai Health System in New York found that age, body-mass index (BMI), baseline oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, white blood cell count, creatinine, and alanine aminotransferase were significant predictors of mortality. Asthma was associated with increased length of hospital stay, but not mortality. Among patients who were tested for SARS-CoV-2, a higher proportion of Hispanic and…
May 4, 2020
Longitudinal Change of SARS-Cov2 Antibodies in Patients with COVID-19
Antibody tests designed to detect envelope protein E and nucleocapsid protein N were conducted on 112 COVID-19 (PCR positive) patients admitted to a hospital in Wuhan, China in February 2020. One hundred and five (93.8%) were positive for either IgM, IgG, or both. Timing of testing with respect to disease onset varied, and was less than 10 days (i.e., possibly prior to antibody production) for…
May 1, 2020
Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on Lifestyle Behaviors in Children with Obesity Living in Verona, Italy: A Longitudinal Study
Pietrobelli et al. examined whether youth who are classified as obese display unfavorable trends in lifestyle behavior when removed from structured school activities and confined at home during the COVID-19 pandemic. They found significantly increased intake of potato chips, red meat, and sugary drinks. Time spent in sports activities decreased by 2.30 hours/week. Sleep time…
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